井架起放实时监测系统的研究与开发

发布时间：2019-02-24 19:23

【摘要】：钻井是石油勘探开发的主要手段。钻井井架属于一种大型承重结构,是石油工业生产设备中的重要组成部分。井架起放实时监测系统是实时地对井架起放过程参数进行采集处理、显示监测、存储打印以及及时了解井架起放工作情况的重要工具。随着钻井工业的快速发展,我国井架起放实时监测系统在系统集成度、安全可靠性、数据采集精度、系统人机界面等方面越来越难以满足井架起放施工作业的需求,限制了石油开采技术水平的提高。本文从井架起放实时监测系统特点出发,围绕井架起放实时监测系统的实际应用需求,对井架起放实时监测系统及其关键实现技术作了较为深入的研究,并开发了井架起放实时监测系统。首先在分析国内外同类系统发展现状及趋势的基础上,针对井架起放实时监测系统在实际应用中的切实需求,提出了井架起放实时监测系统的总体方案。井架起放实时监测系统分为前台系统、数据接收系统和后台系统等多个系统,前台系统负责现场的数据采集、处理、显示和传输,远程接收系统负责后方的数据接收和存储。然后对系统研发过程中涉及的关键技术进行了研究。(1)针对井架起放实时监测数据多,数据处理实时性要求高的特点,提出了一种基于异步流水线模式的井架起放实时监测系统数据采集处理方案。利用多线程技术,根据传感器通讯数据格式,采用RS485串口传输数据,通过消息机制传递数据到前台系统,创建数据处理线程处理数据,前台系统显示、存储和远程传输数据,各个功能模块共同实现异步流水线模式,使系统的实时性和可靠性得到很大的改善;(2)根据通信技术和和计算机网络技术,提出了一种井架起放实时监测数据远程传输方案。该方案自定义应用层协议,通过GPRS网络传输数据,远程数据接收系统采用生产者-消费者模式接收处理数据,提高了数据远程传输的效率。最后,在以上关键技术的研究基础之上,开发了井架起放实时监测系统。该系统功能齐全、运行稳定可靠,已通过验收,在施工现场成功试用。
[Abstract]:Drilling is the main means of oil exploration and development. Drilling Derrick is a large bearing structure, which is an important part of petroleum production equipment. Derrick hoisting real-time monitoring system is an important tool for collecting and processing the parameters of Derrick hoisting and laying process displaying monitoring storing and printing and knowing the working condition of Derrick hoisting and discharging in time. With the rapid development of drilling industry, it is more and more difficult to meet the requirements of Derrick hoisting and laying operation in the aspects of system integration, safety and reliability, data acquisition accuracy, man-machine interface and so on. It limits the technical level of oil production. Based on the characteristics of real time monitoring system for Derrick hoisting and releasing, this paper studies the real time monitoring system of Derrick hoisting and reproducing and its key implementation technology, according to the practical application requirement of Derrick hoisting and releasing real time monitoring system. A real-time monitoring system for Derrick hoisting and reproducing is developed. Based on the analysis of the current situation and trend of the similar systems at home and abroad, the overall scheme of the real monitoring system for Derrick hoisting and reproducing is put forward in view of the practical requirements of the system. The real time monitoring system of Derrick hoisting and playback is divided into several systems, such as foreground system, data receiving system and background system. The foreground system is responsible for data collection, processing, display and transmission on the spot, and the remote receiving system is responsible for receiving and storing data in the rear area. Then the key technologies involved in the research and development of the system are studied. (1) aiming at the characteristics of the Derrick hoisting and reproducing real-time monitoring data and the high requirement of real-time data processing, This paper presents a data acquisition and processing scheme for real time monitoring system of Derrick hoisting and playback based on asynchronous pipeline mode. Using multithread technology, according to sensor communication data format, RS485 serial port is used to transmit data, and message mechanism is used to transfer data to foreground system. Data processing thread is created to process data, which displays, stores and transfers data remotely. Each function module realizes the asynchronous pipeline mode together, so that the real-time and reliability of the system are greatly improved. (2) according to communication technology and computer network technology, a remote transmission scheme for real time monitoring data of Derrick hoisting and reproducing is proposed. The scheme defines the application layer protocol and transmits data through GPRS network. The remote data receiving system adopts producer-consumer mode to receive and process data, which improves the efficiency of remote data transmission. Finally, a real-time monitoring system for Derrick hoisting and reproducing is developed on the basis of the above key technologies. The system has complete functions, stable and reliable operation, has passed the acceptance, and has been successfully tested in the construction site.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TE928;TP274

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