永磁同步电机调速系统预测函数控制的研究

发布时间：2019-03-17 11:15

【摘要】：永磁同步电机具有体积小,结构简单,功率因数高,调速范围宽等一系列优点,在实际应用中起着越来越重要的作用。因此,对于永磁同步电机的相关研究受到越来越多国内外专家学者的关注,同时也成为交流传动领域的研究热点。随着社会的快速发展,交流传动领域对于永磁同步电机的控制性能要求也随之提高,传统的PI控制算法由于存在着参数时变、外部扰动及电机非线性特性等一系列不确定因素的影响,因而已经难以满足交流调速系统优良调速性能的需求。预测函数控制作为一种新型控制算法,最显著的优点就是控制量输出方程运算简便,实时控制计算量较小、跟踪性能好、快速性好、稳态精度高,因此特别适用于永磁同步电机的高性能控制。首先,针对调速系统电流环跟踪精度、速度环控制精度及鲁棒性的问题,在矢量控制调速系统框架下,基于预测函数控制理论分别设计了电流预测函数控制器和速度预测函数控制器,有效地提高了调速系统电流内环跟踪精度和速度外环控制精度。由于负载扰动,参数不确定性等因素的影响,容易产生较大预测误差的特点,设计了非线性干扰观测器(NDOB)估计系统扰动并对控制量进行前馈补偿,提高了调速系统的鲁棒性,最后对所提控制策略进行仿真验证,证实了方法的有效性。其次,设计了一种基于NDOB的永磁同步电机滑模预测函数控制器,基于预测函数控制理论和滑模控制理论分别设计了电流内环预测函数控制器和速度外环滑模控制器,有效地提高了电流内环的跟踪精度和速度外环控制精度。然而传统的滑模控制策略存在着剧烈的抖振,极大的降低了系统的性能,于是设计了非线性干扰观测器,对系统的不确定性扰动进行估计补偿。减小系统抖振的同时,提高了系统的动态性能和鲁棒性,最后对所提控制策略进行仿真验证,证实了方法的有效性。最后,为了更进一步的验证本课题中控制策略的有效性,合理搭建了以美国TI公司生产的DSP芯片作为控制核心的PMSM矢量控制调速系统实验平台,进行了实验验证,证实了控制策略的有效性。
[Abstract]:Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has a series of advantages, such as small size, simple structure, high power factor and wide range of speed regulation, which play an increasingly important role in practical application. Therefore, the research on permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has attracted more and more attention from experts and scholars at home and abroad, and it has also become a hot research topic in AC drive field. With the rapid development of society, the control performance of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) in AC drive field is also improved. The traditional PI control algorithm is time-varying due to the existence of parameters. Because of the influence of a series of uncertain factors, such as external disturbance and nonlinear characteristic of motor, it is difficult to meet the demand of excellent speed regulation performance of AC speed regulation system. As a new control algorithm, the most obvious advantage of predictive functional control is that the output equation of the control variable is easy to operate, the real-time control computation is small, the tracking performance is good, the speed is good, and the steady-state precision is high. Therefore, it is especially suitable for high performance control of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). Firstly, aiming at the problems of current loop tracking precision, speed loop control precision and robustness of speed regulation system, under the frame of vector control speed regulation system, Based on the predictive function control theory, the current predictive function controller and the velocity predictive function controller are designed respectively, which effectively improve the tracking precision of the current inner loop and the speed outer loop control precision of the speed regulating system. Due to the influence of load disturbance, parameter uncertainty and other factors, it is easy to produce large prediction error. A nonlinear disturbance observer (NDOB) is designed to estimate the disturbance of the system and make feedforward compensation for the control variables. The robustness of the speed regulation system is improved. Finally, the proposed control strategy is simulated to verify the effectiveness of the method. Secondly, a permanent magnet synchronous motor sliding mode predictive function controller based on NDOB is designed. Based on the predictive function control theory and sliding mode control theory, the current inner loop predictive function controller and the velocity outer loop sliding mode controller are designed respectively. The tracking precision of the current inner loop and the control precision of the speed outer loop are improved effectively. However, the traditional sliding mode control strategy has severe buffeting, which greatly reduces the performance of the system. Therefore, a nonlinear disturbance observer is designed to estimate and compensate the uncertain disturbance of the system. At the same time, the dynamic performance and robustness of the system are improved while reducing the chattering of the system. Finally, the proposed control strategy is simulated to verify the effectiveness of the method. Finally, in order to further verify the effectiveness of the control strategy in this topic, a PMSM vector control system experiment platform based on the DSP chip produced by TI Company in the United States is set up, and the experimental verification is carried out. The effectiveness of the control strategy is verified.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁工程技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP273;TM341

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