高放废物地质处置无线传感器网络应用技术研究

发布时间：2019-04-02 19:06

【摘要】：我国高放废物地质处置库选址研发进入选址关键性阶段,已确定甘肃北山预选区为首选预选区,需要对其地质、水文地质条件等预选场址评价因素进行详细勘查。各部门和单位在北山地区采集了大量的地质、物化探、水文、遥感等数据,但在数据采集的过程中普遍存在自动化水平不高、数据时效性偏低、综合利用率低等问题。在北山预选区开展的地下实验室研究,需要部署大量多类型传感器,将瞬时产生海量数据,对数据采集、传输以及综合管理技术提出了更高的要求。并且解决当前数据采集工作存在的问题,也是为未来处置库建造、运行等阶段进行全面技术储备。近年来无线传感器网络(Wireless Sensor Network,WSN)的应用越来越广泛,在国外已经应用于高放废物处置领域。本论文探索将无线传感器网络技术引入到我国北山预选区的高放废物地质处置研发中。在充分调研相关资料的基础上,针对当前高放废物地质处置数据采集、传输、应用技术的各种局限性,在无线传感器网络、GIS术、数据库等技术的支撑下,探索如何在北山地区建立一套可靠高效的无线传感器网络体系(HLW-WSN)。实现高放废物地质处置数据的准确采集、高效传输和现场应用,从而为管理者的决策支持提供强有力的数据支撑和技术支撑。本论文对以下研究内容进行了初步论述:(1)北山预选区无线传感器网络应用解决方案将无线传感器网络分为了传感器层、数据接入层、数据存储层、平台服务层和应用层五部分。提出通过传感器数据采集网络、现场监测站、骨干网、场址数据中心等,实现无线传感器网络的五层结构,完成数据的自动采集、中远程传输和现场应用。(2)无线传感器网络数据压缩技术的研究试验了将轻量级时域压缩算法(LTC)用于北山研究中产生的科研数据压缩,结果表明该算法对于仿真数据和真实数据都取得了较理想的效果,并探讨了算法改进方法,以拓展LTC算法的适应性和通用性。(3)无线传感器网络中动态数据的管理技术研究提出北山预选区动态监测数据库开发的思路,采用PostgreSQL和Hadoop进行传感器节点与节点数据的协同管理。并对数据库结构进行了概念、逻辑和物理设计,在PostgreSQL平台中进行了综合测试。(4)无线传感器网络计算机模拟技术及仿真根据在北山预选区将要部署的传感器类型,仿真产生处置库场址特性的时序数据,通过虚拟传感器节点和网络,对场址基站、传感器网络和存储数据库的数据交互进行了模拟。初步论证了传感器组网的设计方案以及动态数据管理技术的可行性,据此进一步完善了动态数据库结构。通过对以上内容的研究,提出了在北山地区部署无线传感器网络应用的设计方案,并围绕方案提出了较完善可行的实施细则。对无线传感器网络运行过程中产生的动态数据汇集、海量管理技术开展了前瞻性研究,对未来实际部署可能产生的问题有了预判,从多个方面对传感器网络进行了优化设计,为未来在北山地区实际部署无线传感器网络提供了理论依据和技术支持。
[Abstract]:The site selection and development of the high-level waste geological disposal reservoir in China has entered the critical stage of the site selection. It has been determined that the pre-selected area of the north mountain of Gansu Province is the preferred pre-selected area, and it is necessary to carry out detailed investigation on the pre-selected site evaluation factors such as its geological and hydrogeological conditions. The departments and units have collected a lot of data such as geology, geophysical and geochemical exploration, hydrology and remote sensing in the Beishan area, but the problems of low level of automation, low data timeliness and low comprehensive utilization rate in the process of data acquisition. In the research of underground laboratory, which is carried out in the pre-selected area of Beishan, a large number of multi-type sensors are required to be deployed, so that the data can be generated instantaneously, and the data acquisition, transmission and integrated management technology are required. And the problem that the current data acquisition work exists is solved, and a comprehensive technical reserve is carried out for the construction and operation of the future disposal bank. In recent years, the application of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is becoming more and more extensive, and has been applied in the field of high-level waste disposal. The paper explores the introduction of the wireless sensor network technology into the research and development of high-discharge waste in the pre-selected area of Beishan. on the basis of full investigation of relevant data, various limitations of the data acquisition, transmission and application technology of the current high-level waste geological disposal data are carried out, and under the support of the wireless sensor network, the GIS operation, the database and the like, To explore how to establish a reliable and efficient wireless sensor network system (HLW-WSN) in Beishan area. The invention realizes the accurate collection, high-efficiency transmission and field application of the high-discharge waste geological disposal data, thereby providing strong data support and technical support for the decision support of the manager. This paper mainly discusses the following research contents: (1) The network application solution of the wireless sensor network in the north mountain pre-selection area divides the wireless sensor network into the sensor layer, the data access layer, the data storage layer, the platform service layer and the application layer five parts. The five-layer structure of the wireless sensor network is realized through the sensor data acquisition network, the field monitoring station, the backbone network, the site data center and the like, and the automatic acquisition, the remote transmission and the field application of the data are completed. (2) The research of the wireless sensor network data compression technology has tested the data compression of the research of the lightweight time-domain compression algorithm (LTC) in the research of Beishan, and the result shows that the algorithm has the ideal effect for both the simulation data and the real data. The improved method of the algorithm is also discussed in order to extend the adaptability and the universality of the LTC algorithm. (3) The management technology of dynamic data in the wireless sensor network puts forward the idea of the development of the dynamic monitoring database in the pre-selected area of the Beishan, and adopts PostgreSQL and Hadoop to carry out the cooperative management of the sensor nodes and the node data. The concept, logical and physical design of the database structure are given, and the comprehensive test is carried out in the PostgreSQL platform. (4) the wireless sensor network computer simulation technology and the simulation are used for simulating the time sequence data of the site characteristics of the disposal library according to the type of the sensor to be deployed in the north mountain pre-selection area, The sensor network and the data base of the storage database are simulated. The design scheme of the sensor network and the feasibility of the dynamic data management technology are proved, and the structure of the dynamic database is further improved. Through the research of the above contents, the design scheme of deploying wireless sensor network application in Beishan area is put forward, and the detailed implementation rules are put forward. the dynamic data collection and mass management technology generated during the operation of the wireless sensor network are collected, a prospective study is carried out on the mass management technology, the problem that the future actual deployment can be generated is prejudged, the sensor network is optimized and designed from a plurality of aspects, The paper provides the theoretical basis and technical support for the future of the wireless sensor network in the Beishan area.
【学位授予单位】：核工业北京地质研究院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TL942.1;TP212.9;TN929.5

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