新生儿单用奈韦拉平或齐多夫定预防HIV母婴传播的不良反应比较及护理分析

发布时间：2018-04-30 06:41

本文选题：新生儿 + 奈韦拉平　；参考：《中国艾滋病性病》2017年06期

【摘要】：目的比较新生儿使用奈韦拉平(NVP)或齐多夫定(AZT)进行艾滋病病毒(HIV)母婴传播阻断的不良反应,探讨相应护理措施。方法 2014年1月至2016年1月期间,确诊HIV感染孕妇分娩的60名新生儿,随机服用NVP或AZT,每组各30人。观察记录其进行HIV母婴阻断28天服药期间发生的不良反应,及相应护理措施的效果。结果 60名新生儿,男性36人,女性24人,出生时平均孕周(37.50±2.10)周,平均体重(2 590.83±180.98)g,1分钟Apgar评分中位数9分,两组基本资料差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。NVP组和AZT组服药后主要不良反应为:皮疹(40.00%vs 16.67%)、呕吐(50.00%vs 26.67%)、腹胀(40.00%vs 16.67%)、肝损害(33.33%vs 6.67%)、轻度贫血(36.67%vs 60.00%)及白细胞减少(30.00%vs 56.67%)。NVP组较AZT组容易发生皮疹、腹胀及肝损害(P0.05),但较少出现白细胞减少(P0.05)。针对各种不良反应,除给予药物处理外,均实施相应护理措施,新生儿服药期间所发生的不良反应均得到有效控制,无一例停药或换药,且出生后42天HIV核糖核酸载量检测均20拷贝/mL。结论使用NVP或AZT对新生儿进行HIV母婴阻断,均可出现皮疹、呕吐、腹胀、肝损害、轻度贫血和白细胞减少等不良反应,经过治疗及综合护理,新生儿基本可以耐受。
[Abstract]:Objective to compare the adverse effects of nevirapine (NVP) or azidovudine (AZT) on the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV / AIDS (HIV / AIDS) and to explore the corresponding nursing measures. Methods from January 2014 to January 2016, 60 newborns with HIV infection were randomly given NVP or AZT, 30 in each group. The adverse reactions occurred during 28 days of HIV block and the effect of corresponding nursing measures were observed and recorded. Results 60 newborns, 36 males and 24 females, were born with an average gestational week of 37.50 卤2.10 weeks and an average weight of 2 590.83 卤180.98 g / min with a median Apgar score of 9 points. There was no significant difference in the basic data between the two groups. The main adverse reactions after taking medicine in the two groups were: rashes 40.00v vs 16.67m, vomiting 50.00v 26.67m, abdominal distension 40.00g vs 16.67g, liver damage 33.3333 vs 6.67m, mild anemia 36.67 vs 60.000.The leukocytopenia 30.005% vs AZT group was more prone to rash than that of AZT group. Abdominal distension and liver damage were found in P0.05, but leukocytopenia was rare. According to all kinds of adverse reactions, except for the drug treatment, the corresponding nursing measures were carried out. The adverse reactions occurred during the period of taking medicine of the newborn were all effectively controlled, and none of them stopped or changed the medicine. The HIV ribonucleic acid load was 20 copies / mL at 42 days after birth. Conclusion using NVP or AZT to block the mother and infant of the newborn with HIV can cause rash, vomiting, abdominal distension, liver damage, mild anemia and leukopenia, etc. After treatment and comprehensive nursing, the newborn can be tolerated basically.
【作者单位】：广州市第八人民医院;
【基金】：广州市医药卫生科技项目(20151A010056) 广东省省级科技计划项目(2016B020238002) 广州市科技计划项目计划健康医疗协同创新重大专项(201508020256)~~
【分类号】：R473.72

【相似文献】