2015年湘雅三医院临床分离病原菌分布的特点及耐药性分析

发布时间：2018-05-13 01:06

本文选题：耐药性监测 + 抗菌药物　；参考：《实用预防医学》2017年01期

【摘要】：目的了解2015年中南大学湘雅三医院临床病原菌的分布特点和耐药现状,为临床合理使用抗生素提供依据。方法收集中南大学湘雅三医院2015年1-12月临床分离病原菌,使用全自动鉴定系统Vitek-2进行鉴定及药敏试验,以2013年CLSI标准进行结果判读,采用WHONET 5.6软件进行数据分析。结果共收集4 801株非重复细菌,其中革兰阴性菌3 226株(67.19%);革兰阳性菌1 575株(32.81%)。肠杆菌科细菌对酶抑制剂和碳青霉烯类药物敏感率80%。铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌对亚胺培南的耐药率分别为41.4%、74.8%。金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌MRSA检出率分别为70.9%、76.7%,葡萄球菌对β-内酰胺类、大环内酯类和氟喹诺酮类均高度耐药。粪肠球菌对大多数抗生素的敏感性高于屎肠球菌。结论 2015年中南大学湘雅三医院临床病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,耐药现象十分严重,鲍曼不动杆菌尤甚,应引起高度重视,加强预防医院感染。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in Xiangya Hospital of Central South University in 2015 and to provide evidence for rational use of antibiotics. Methods Clinical isolates of pathogenic bacteria were collected from Xiangya third Hospital of Central South University from January to December 2015. Vitek-2 was used for identification and drug sensitivity test. The results were interpreted according to 2013 CLSI standard, and the data were analyzed by WHONET 5.6 software. Results A total of 4 801 strains of non-repeat bacteria were collected, of which 3 226 were Gram-negative bacteria and 1 575 were Gram-positive bacteria. The susceptibility rate of Enterobacteriaceae to enzyme inhibitors and carbapenes is 80%. The resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii to imipenem were 41.4% and 74.8% respectively. The detection rate of MRSA in Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis was 70.9 and 76.77.Staphylococcus was highly resistant to 尾 -lactam, macrolides and fluoroquinolones. Enterococcus faecalis is more sensitive to most antibiotics than Enterococcus faecium. Conclusion Gram-negative bacteria are the main pathogenic bacteria in the third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University in 2015, and the drug resistance is very serious, especially Acinetobacter baumannii, which should be paid more attention to and strengthen the prevention of nosocomial infection.
【作者单位】：武警湖北总队医院检验科;中南大学湘雅三医院检验科;
【分类号】：R446.5

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