NICU住院早产儿家属心理需求与应对方式及社会支持的研究

发布时间：2018-06-21 14:45

本文选题：新生儿重症监护病房 + 家庭　；参考：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的调查住院早产儿家属的心理需求现况和影响因素,探讨早产儿家属心理需求的影响因素以及与应对方式和社会支持之间的关系。方法本研究属于横断面调查,采用方便抽样的方法于2016年4月～2016年11月,选取山东省某三甲医院NICU住院治疗的258名早产患儿的家属进行现场问卷调查。调查内容包括四部分:一般资料调查表、危重症患者家属需求量表(CCFNI)、简易应对方式问卷和社会支持评定量表。采用均数和百分比等对资料进行统计描述;采用t检验、Pearson相关分析以及多元线性逐步回归分析对资料进行统计推断。结果1、早产儿家属心理需求处于中等水平。早产儿家属需求的排列顺序为:病情保证维度、获取维度、被接纳维度、支持维度及舒适维度。2、早产儿家属工作状况的差异对家属心理需求总分有影响,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),早产儿不同胎龄、体重及不同出生方式,对家属心理需求总分有影响,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。3、早产儿家属积极应对维度得分为(19.41 ± 4.22)分,消极应对维度得分为(12.45 ± 3.54)分,总得分为(31.86 ± 5.69)分。4、早产儿家属主观支持维度得分为(20.39 ± 4.10)分,客观支持维度得分为(11.23 ± 3.42)分,支持利用度得分为(8.16 ± 1.99)分,总得分为(39.77± 6.48)分。5、Pearson相关分析发现,简易应对与心理需求总分、支持维度得分及获取维度得分呈负相关(P0.05),积极应对与获取维度呈负相关(P0.05),消极应对与心理需求总分、支持维度得分、舒适维度得分及病情保证维度得分呈负相关(P0.05)。6、使用Pearson相关分析发现,社会支持与心理需求总分、支持维度得分、舒适维度得分及被接纳维度得分呈负相关(P0.05),主观支持与心理需求总分、支持维度得分及舒适维度得分呈负相关(P0.05),客观支持与心理需求总分、支持维度得分及病情保证维度得分呈负相关(P0.05),对支持的利用度与心理需求总分、支持维度得分及被接纳维度得分呈负相关(P0.05)。7、多元分层回归分析显示,胎龄、体重、出生方式、消极应对、主观支持和利用度是早产儿家属心理需求的影响因素,共解释早产儿家属心理需求总变异的34.0%。早产儿出生体重越低、胎龄越小,其家属心理需求得分越高;接受剖宫产分娩手术的早产儿家属心理需求得分高;消极应对的早产儿家属心理需求得分低;主观支持越多、对支持的利用度越好,早产儿家属心理需求得分越低。结论1、早产儿家属心理需求处于中等水平。早产儿家属需求排在第一位的是病情保证维度。2、早产儿家属不同工作状况,早产儿不同胎龄、体重,不同出生方式,对家属心理需求的得分影响不同。3、早产儿家属的心理需求越高,越少采取消极应对方式。早产儿家属的心理需求越低,则得到的社会支持水平越高。4、胎龄、体重、出生方式、消极应对、主观支持和利用度是早产儿家属心理需求的影响因素。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the psychological needs status and influencing factors of family members of preterm infants, and to explore the relationship between psychological needs and coping styles and social support. Methods from April 2016 to November 2016, 258 family members of preterm infants in NICU of a hospital in Shandong Province were investigated by the convenient sampling method. The investigation includes four parts: general information questionnaire, CCFNIV, simple coping style questionnaire and Social support rating scale. The data were statistically described by means and percentages, and the data were inferred by using t-test Pearson correlation analysis and multivariate linear stepwise regression analysis. Results 1. The psychological needs of the family members of preterm infants were at the medium level. The order of family needs of preterm infants was as follows: condition assurance dimension, acquisition dimension, accepted dimension, support dimension and comfort dimension. The difference of work status of family members of premature infants had influence on the total score of family psychological needs. The difference was statistically significant (P 0.05). The total score of family members' psychological needs was affected by different gestational age, body weight and birth style of premature infants. The difference was statistically significant (P 0.05). The score of positive coping dimension of family members of premature infants was 19.41 卤4.22). The negative coping dimension score was 12.45 卤3.54, the total score was 31.86 卤5.69, the subjective support dimension score was 20.39 卤4.10), the objective support dimension score was 11.23 卤3.42, the support utilization score was 8.16 卤1.99, and the negative coping dimension score was 12.45 卤3.54, the total score was 31.86 卤5.69, the subjective support dimension score was 20.39 卤4.10, the objective support dimension score was 11.23 卤3.42, the support utilization score was 8.16 卤1.99. The total score was 39.77 卤6.48). Pearson correlation analysis showed that simple coping had a negative correlation with the total score of psychological needs, support dimension and acquisition dimension, positive coping had negative correlation with acquisition dimension (P 0.05), negative coping had negative correlation with total psychological demand, and negative coping had a negative correlation with total psychological demand. The scores of support dimension, comfort dimension and condition assurance dimension were negatively correlated (P0.05N. 6). Using Pearson correlation analysis, we found that social support was associated with total score of psychological needs, and score of support dimension. There was a negative correlation between the scores of comfort dimension and accepted dimension, subjective support and total psychological need, support dimension and comfort dimension, objective support and total psychological demand. The scores of support dimension and condition assurance dimension were negatively correlated with the total score of psychological needs, the scores of support dimension and accepted dimension were negatively correlated with the total score of psychological needs, and the multiple stratified regression analysis showed that gestational age, weight, birth style. Negative coping, subjective support and utilization were the influencing factors of the psychological needs of the family members of premature infants, which explained 34.0% of the total variation of the psychological needs of the family members of premature infants. The lower the birth weight and the smaller the gestational age, the higher the score of the psychological needs of the family members; the higher the score of the psychological needs of the family members of the premature infants undergoing cesarean section; the lower the score of the psychological needs of the families of the premature infants with negative coping; the more the subjective support. The better the use of support, the lower the score of family members' psychological needs. Conclusion 1. The psychological needs of the family members of preterm infants are at the medium level. The first place for the needs of the family members of premature infants is the dimension of disease assurance. The family members of preterm infants have different working conditions, different gestational ages, different body weights, and different birth styles. The scores of psychological needs of family members were different. 3. The higher the psychological needs of preterm infants, the less negative coping styles. The lower the psychological needs of the family members of premature infants, the higher the level of social support. Gestational age, body weight, birth style, negative coping, subjective support and utilization degree are the factors that affect the psychological needs of family members of premature infants.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R473.72

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