口腔颌面部间隙感染患儿的临床特征与病原菌分布及耐药性分析

发布时间：2018-06-23 22:40

本文选题：儿童 + 口腔颌面部间隙感染　；参考：《中华医院感染学杂志》2017年19期

【摘要】：目的分析儿童口腔颌面部间隙感染的临床特征、病原菌分布及耐药性,为临床感染预防和控制工作提供依据。方法选取2015年6月-2016年12月的儿童口腔颌面部间隙感染患儿100例,对所有患儿感染部位、感染来源等临床特征进行观察和分析,对脓液标本中的病原菌分布及耐药性进行检测和比较。结果患儿感染部位以咀嚼肌间隙、颊间隙、舌下间隙为主,分别占31.00%、24.00%和14.00%,感染来源以腺源性感染为主,占73.00%;分离出143株病原菌,其中,革兰阳性菌76株占53.15%,革兰阴性菌62株占43.36%,真菌占5株占3.50%,金黄色葡萄球菌、普雷沃菌、表皮葡萄球菌为主要病原菌;金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、肺炎链球菌对青霉素等的耐药率较高,对亚胺培南等的耐药率较低,普雷沃菌、拟杆菌、梭杆菌对氯霉素等的耐药率较高,对甲硝唑、亚胺培南等的耐药率较低。结论儿童口腔颌面部间隙感染部位、感染来源、病原菌分布及耐药性均具有一定的特征性,临床医务人员应对其给予高度的重视和有效的治疗,选取敏感抗菌药物进行抗感染治疗,以提高救治成功率,改善患儿预后。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the clinical characteristics, distribution and drug resistance of oral and maxillofacial space infection in children, and to provide evidence for prevention and control of clinical infection. Methods from June 2015 to December 2016, 100 children with oral and maxillofacial space infection were selected. The distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in pus samples were detected and compared. Results the sites of infection were masticatory muscle space, buccal space and sublingual space, accounting for 31.00% and 14.00%, respectively. The main source of infection was adenogenic infection (73.00%), 143 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated. 76 Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 53.15, 62 Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 43.36, 5 fungi accounted for 3.50. Staphylococcus aureus, Prevoa, Staphylococcus epidermidis were the main pathogens; Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae showed high resistance to penicillin and low resistance to imipenem. The resistance rates of Prevobacter, Bacteroides and Clostridium to chloramphenicol were higher, and those to metronidazole and imipenem were lower. Conclusion the infection site of oral and maxillofacial space in children, the source of infection, the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance have some characteristics, which should be paid more attention and effective treatment by clinical medical staff. Select sensitive antimicrobial agents for anti-infection therapy to improve the success rate of treatment and improve the prognosis of children.
【作者单位】：海口市妇幼保健院口腔科;海口市第三人民医院耳鼻喉科;海南医学院第二附属医院放疗科;海南省血液中心;
【基金】：海南省卫生厅基金资助项目(琼卫2013-LX-56)
【分类号】：R446.5;R782.3

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