中国护士静脉采血针刺伤现状调查

发布时间：2018-07-13 17:32

【摘要】：目的了解护理人员静脉采血过程中针刺伤现状,探讨有效防护策略。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法对中国临床一线护士进行问卷调查。问卷内容包括护士的一般资料及护理人员静脉采血培训与管理状况、采血前戴手套依从性、近一年因静脉采血发生针刺伤的情况等。结果共发放问卷2 861份,回收有效问卷2 575份。护士定期参加静脉采血培训的占93.17%;定期进行静脉采血考核的占87.15%;仅72.74%护士在采血前了解患者是否患有血源性传染病;采血时坚持佩戴手套的仅61.01%;近一年,因采血发生针刺伤的占20.78%。使用三种不同针具静脉采血时针刺伤的发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(Pearsonχ2=1.649,P=0.438)。48.21%的静脉采血针刺伤发生在整理医疗废物时。结论中国护士静脉采血培训与管理较好,但针刺伤发生率仍较高。预防针刺伤应制定静脉采血安全操作规程,规范操作流程,明确培训内容,以改变护理人员不安全的行为。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the current situation of needle injury in the process of venous blood collection in nursing staff and to explore the effective protection strategy. Methods a questionnaire survey was conducted on Chinese clinical nurses by stratified cluster sampling. The questionnaire included the general data of nurses and the status of training and management of venous blood collecting for nurses. A total of 2861 questionnaires were issued and 2575 valid questionnaires were collected. 93.17% of the nurses regularly took part in the venous blood collection training, and 87.15% of the regular venous blood collection tests were performed. Only 72.74% nurses knew whether the patients had hematogenous infectious diseases before collecting blood; only 61.01% of those who wore gloves when collecting blood; In the last year, the incidence of needle injury in 20.78%. was compared with three different needles. The difference was not statistically significant (Pearson x 2=1.649, P=0.438).48.21% of venous blood needle puncture wound occurred in the medical waste. Conclusion the training and management of Chinese nurses' venous blood collection was better, but the incidence of needle injury was better. It is still relatively high. Precautionary needles should be established to ensure safe operation of venous blood collection, standardize the operation process and clarify training contents, so as to change the unsafe behavior of nurses.
【作者单位】：中南大学湘雅医院;中南大学湘雅护理学院;
【基金】：2016湘雅-UCLA艾滋病行为研究项目(D43TW009579)
【分类号】：R47

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