浙江省养老机构护理人员素质研究

发布时间：2018-07-13 18:02

【摘要】：研究目的本研究对浙江省养老机构护理人员进行知识、态度、行为方面的调查,了解养老护理员在这三方面的现状,分析影响护理人员知识、态度、行为三个方面的因素,为改善养老护理员的服务质量提供意见和建议。研究方法本研究的资料主要通过以下三种方法:一是文献法。收集中文万方、维普和知网数据库,外文PubMed、Web of Science等数据库了解国内外养老护理人员的现状、老龄化现状等。二是问卷调查法。设计调查问卷,问卷的主要内容包括一般人口学、护理知识、护理态度以及护理行为的内容,在浙江省杭州市西湖区和金华兰溪市共10家养老机构进行问卷调查收集数据。三是统计分析。将收集的数据运用秩相关、逐步回归法、结构方程模式等方法分析影响护理人员知识、态度、行为的因素。研究结果本研究调查的养老机构护理人员年龄整体偏大,年龄最小23岁,最大72岁,平均年龄50.77岁。护理员队伍以女性为主,在所有调查对象中一共只有6名男性,78名女性。在文化程度方面,护理员整体受教育程度不高,文化程度主要集中在初中及以下,其中没有受过小学教育的有21人,占25%;受到小学教育的有20人,占23.8%。在月收入方面,养老护理员收入普遍不高,主要集中在3001—4000元,一共有45人,占总人数的53.6%。养老护理人员工作时间长,工作强度较大,工作内容多。平均每天工作时间14.96±5.77小时,平均每位护理员需要照顾7.96±3.94位老人,护理员每天工作内容主要是:维持老人生活环境整洁,帮助老人的生活起居,负责关注老人的身体健康状况等。在所有的养老护理员中有55人没有经过岗前培训,占总人数的65.5%。在养老机构工作以后,大部分的护理员能够接受到不同类型的护理培训,培训次数集中在2—4次,占总人数45.2%。其次是接受5—8次的培训,有18人,工作后一次培训也没有接受过的也有14人。养老护理人员的知识得分最大值为23,最小值为6,平均分为17.11,标准差为3.34;态度得分最大值为60,最小值为38,平均分为48.15,标准差为3.711;行为得分最大值为7,最小值为1,平均分为5.58,标准差为1.355。通过对知识、态度、行为影响因素的逐步回归分析发现,教育程度、工作年限、岗前培训对知识有正向的影响;岗前培训、月收入情况对态度有正向的影响,年龄对态度有负向的影响;培训次数、教育程度和工作年限对行为有正向的影响。通过构建结构方程模型发现,护理知识通过态度影响最终的护理行为。研究结论浙江省养老机构护理人员年龄结构偏大,整体护理知识水平不高,要改善护理人员的护理素质,需要进一步加强岗前培训,建立完善的养老护理人员培训体系,规范养老护理人员职业队伍。改善护理人员的薪资福利体系,增加养老护理人员的收入,吸引更多的人从事养老护理工作。完善养老护理人员相关政策法规,维护养老护理人员基本利益。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the knowledge, attitude and behavior of nursing staff in old-age institutions in Zhejiang Province, to understand the present situation of nursing staff in these three aspects, and to analyze the factors that affect the knowledge, attitude and behavior of nursing staff. To provide advice and suggestions for improving the service quality of old-age care workers. Research methods the data of this study are mainly through the following three methods: first, the literature method. The databases of Chinese Wanfang, Weipu and Zhiwang, and the foreign language PubMedine Web of Science were collected to find out the current situation and aging status of nursing staff at home and abroad. The second is questionnaire survey method. A questionnaire was designed, the main contents of which included general demography, nursing knowledge, nursing attitude and nursing behavior. Data were collected from 10 pension institutions in Xihu District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province and Jinhua Lanxi City. Third, statistical analysis. The data collected were analyzed by rank correlation, stepwise regression, structural equation model and other methods to analyze the factors affecting the knowledge, attitude and behavior of nursing staff. Results the age of nursing staff in this study was on the high side, the minimum age was 23 years, the maximum was 72 years old, the average age was 50.77 years. There were only 6 men and 78 women in all subjects. In terms of educational level, the overall level of education of nursing officers was not high. The education level was mainly concentrated in junior middle schools and below. Among them, 21 (2525) had no primary education and 20 (23.880) received primary education. In the monthly income, the old-age care worker income is generally not high, mainly concentrated in 3001-4000 yuan, a total of 45 people, accounting for the total number of 53.6. Old-age nursing staff work long hours, work intensity is large, work content is much. The average daily working time was 14.96 卤5.77 hours, and the average nursing staff needed to take care of 7.96 卤3.94 old people. The main contents of the care workers' daily work were as follows: to maintain the living environment of the elderly, to help the old people to live, to be responsible for paying attention to the health condition of the old people, and so on. Of all the carers, 55 had no pre-service training, accounting for 65. 5% of the total. After working in the old-age institutions, most nurses can receive different types of nursing training, the number of training concentrated in 2-4, accounting for the total number of 45.2. The next is 5-8 training, there are 18 people, after a job training also did not receive 14 people. The maximum score of knowledge is 23, the minimum is 6, the average score is 17.11, the standard deviation is 3.34; the maximum score of attitude is 60, the minimum is 38, the average score is 48.15, and the standard deviation is 3.711; the maximum score of behavior is 7, the minimum is 1, and the average is equal. The standard deviation is 1.355. Through the stepwise regression analysis on the influencing factors of knowledge, attitude and behavior, it was found that education, working years, pre-job training had positive effects on knowledge, and monthly income had a positive effect on attitude. Age has a negative effect on attitude, training times, education and working years have positive effects on behavior. By constructing the structural equation model, it was found that nursing knowledge influenced the ultimate nursing behavior through attitude. Conclusion in order to improve nursing quality of nursing staff, it is necessary to strengthen pre-job training and establish a perfect training system for nursing staff in order to improve the nursing quality of nursing staff in Zhejiang Province, the age structure of nursing staff in pension institutions is too large and the level of nursing knowledge is not high. We will standardize the professional ranks of nursing staff for the aged. To improve the salary and welfare system of nursing staff, increase the income of nursing staff and attract more people to work in pension care. Improve the related policies and regulations of nursing staff, safeguard the basic interests of nursing staff.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R47

【参考文献】