2015年新疆地区细菌耐药性监测

发布时间：2018-08-25 15:32

【摘要】：目的了解新疆地区临床分离株对常用抗菌药物的敏感性和耐药性。方法按标准纳入分析共23家医院的临床分离菌,采用标准纸片扩散法或自动化仪器检测法,按照统一技术方案进行细菌药物敏感性试验,依据CLSI 2014年标准判断结果。结果共收集细菌65488株,其中革兰阳性菌共19976株,占30.5%,革兰阴性菌45512株,占69.5%。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)和耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(MRCNS)的检出率分别为23.97%和77.83%,自2012年起呈下降趋势。粪肠球菌对多数抗菌药物的耐药率均显著低于屎肠球菌,两者中均有少数万古霉素耐药株。青霉素耐药的肺炎链球菌儿童和成人患者比例分别占0.6%和1.2%。革兰阴性菌中分离率前3位分别为大肠埃希菌15678株(23.9%)、肺炎克雷伯菌10334株(15.8%)和鲍曼不动杆菌6198株(9.5%),大肠埃希菌、克雷伯菌属以及奇异变形菌产ESBL菌株分别占31.12%、26.33%和9.77%,鲍曼不动杆菌的检出率高于铜绿假单胞菌,其对亚胺培南和美罗培南的耐药率分别为51.7%和56.3%。自2012年起呈上升趋势。碳青霉烯类耐药的肺炎克雷伯菌检出率有所上升。结论新疆地区耐碳青霉烯类肠杆菌科细菌(CRE)及鲍曼不动杆菌对碳青霉烯类的耐药率仍呈上升趋势,给临床的抗感染治疗带来极大挑战。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the sensitivity and drug resistance of clinical isolates to common antimicrobial agents in Xinjiang. Methods the clinical isolates from 23 hospitals were analyzed according to the standard. The bacterial drug sensitivity test was carried out by standard disk diffusion method or automatic instrument test according to the unified technical scheme. The results were judged according to the CLSI 2014 standard. Results A total of 65488 strains of bacteria were collected, of which 19976 were Gram-positive bacteria (30.5%) and 45512 strains were Gram-negative bacteria (69.5%). The detectable rates of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococcus (MRCNS) were 23.97% and 77.83% respectively. The resistance rate of Enterococcus faecalis to most antimicrobial agents was significantly lower than that of Enterococcus faecium, and there were a few vancomycin resistant strains. The proportion of penicillin resistant streptococcus pneumoniae in children and adults was 0.6% and 1.2%, respectively. 15678 strains of Escherichia coli (23.9%), 10334 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae (15.8%) and 6198 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii (9.5%) were isolated from Gram-negative bacteria. Klebsiella and Proteus mirabilis produced 26.33% and 9.77% of ESBL strains, respectively. The positive rate of Acinetobacter baumannii was higher than that of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and the resistance rates to imipenem and meropenem were 51.7% and 56.3%, respectively. There has been an upward trend since 2012. The detection rate of carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae increased. Conclusion the resistance rate of (CRE) and Acinetobacter baumannii to carbapenem in Xinjiang area is still on the rise, which brings great challenge to the clinical anti-infection treatment of Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) and Acinetobacter baumannii (Acinetobacter baumannii).
【作者单位】：新疆医科大学第一附属医院检验科;
【分类号】：R446.5

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