单中心农村腹膜透析患者社会功能现况及影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-09-01 11:37

【摘要】：目的本研究主要描述农村腹膜透析患者社会功能现况,探讨影响患者社会功能的因素,为开展农村腹膜透析患者社会功能干预性研究提供理论依据。方法选取2015年11月~2016年12月郑州大学第一附属医院肾内科腹膜透析中心的农村腹膜透析患者299例为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、社会功能缺陷筛选表、家庭关怀度指数问卷、社会支持评定量表、医院焦虑和抑郁量表及医学应对方式问卷对研究对象进行调查,统计学处理采用SPSS 21.0统计软件,运用单因素分析及多元线性回归分析等统计方法进行统计分析,描述农村腹膜透析患者社会功能现况并分析其影响因素。结果1.发放问卷299例,回收有效问卷292份,有效回收率97.65%。本次研究对象年龄最小16岁,最大78岁,平均年龄(42.18±11.98)岁;男156例(53.42%),女136例(46.58%);文化程度方面,初中及以下学历患者216例(73.98%);血红蛋白≥100g/L的患者120例(41.09%);血浆白蛋白≥35g/L的患者128例(43.84%)。2.本组农村腹膜透析患者社会功能评分为(4.73±2.16)分,≥2分(存在社会功能缺陷)者248例,占84.93%。3.单因素分析结果显示,不同性别、婚姻状况、文化程度、透析模式、不同血红蛋白、血浆白蛋白、每周总Kt/V值及每周总Ccr值分组在农村腹膜透析患者社会功能评分上差异无统计学意义(t=-1.816,P=0.070;t=0.351,P=0.728;F=0.399,P=0.754;t=1.282,P=0.201;t=-1.626,P=0.089;t=0.050,P=0.960;t=-1.483,P=0.139;t=-1.487,P=0.138);不同年龄、职业状况、职业类型、付费方式、家庭人均月收入、透析龄、原发性疾病及腹膜类型在农村腹膜透析患者社会功能评分上差异有统计学意义(t=-9.317,P0.001;t=-2.181,P=0.033;t=3.003,P=0.003;t=2.815,P=0.005;F=15.135,P0.001;F=4.795,P=0.003;F=6.396,P0.001;F=8.156,P0.001)。回避应对、屈服应对、焦虑、抑郁与农村腹膜透析患者社会功能呈正相关(r=0.482,P0.001;r=0.629,P0.001;r=0.283,P0.001;r=0.692,P0.001);家庭功能总分、社会支持总分、主观社会支持、对支持的利用度、面对应对与农村腹膜透析患者社会功能呈负相关(r=-0.614,P0.001;r=-0.238,P0.001;r=-0.141,P=0.034;r=-0.557,P0.001;r=-0.542,P0.001)。4.多元线性回归分析结果显示,影响农村腹膜透析患者社会功能的因素中有7个变量进入回归方程,分别为家庭功能、抑郁、主观社会支持、屈服、面对、家庭人均月收入、年龄。采用方差分析进一步检验回归方程的模型,结果表明所建立的回归方程模型具有统计学意义(F=57.506,P0.001)。结论1.农村腹膜透析患者的社会功能较差,社会功能缺陷发生率较高。2.家庭功能、抑郁、主观社会支持、屈服、面对、家庭人均月收入及年龄是影响农村腹膜透析患者的社会功能的因素。
[Abstract]:Objective this study mainly describes the social function of rural peritoneal dialysis patients, and discusses the factors that affect the social function of rural peritoneal dialysis patients, and provides a theoretical basis for the study of social function intervention of rural peritoneal dialysis patients. Methods from November 2015 to December 2016, 299 rural peritoneal dialysis patients in the peritoneal dialysis center of Department of Renal Medicine, the first affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, were selected as the study subjects. The general information questionnaire and the screening table for social dysfunction were used. Family care index questionnaire, social support rating scale, hospital anxiety and depression scale and medical coping style questionnaire were used to investigate the subjects. The statistical processing was conducted with SPSS 21. 0 statistical software. Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the social function of rural peritoneal dialysis patients. Result 1. 299 questionnaires were sent out, 292 valid questionnaires were collected, and the effective recovery rate was 97.65. The average age of the subjects was (42.18 卤11.98) years, 156 males (53.42%) and 136 females (46.58%), 216 (73.98%) with junior high school education and below, 120 (41.09%) with hemoglobin 鈮，

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