上海市某医院护理人员肌肉骨骼疾患调查及其危险因素的分析

发布时间：2018-12-21 16:53

【摘要】：[目的]调查上海市某医院护理人员肌肉骨骼疾患(MSDs)的患病现状,探究患病的相关影响因素。[方法]采用横断面调查方法,应用中文版肌肉骨骼疾患调查表,于2016年1月对上海市某三级乙等医院全院护理人员进行问卷调查,调查内容包括:个体信息、各部位MSDs的患病情况及其严重程度及相关职业危险因素等,采用卡方检验、logistic回归以及敏感性分析识别MSDs患病的影响因素。[结果]共发放问卷464份,收集有效问卷423份,有效应答率91.2%。护理人群在过去一年肌肉骨骼疾患的患病率达91.4%,其中患病率最高为腰部(80.5%),其次为颈部(73.2%)、肩部(64.8%)。经logistic分析,颈部疼痛与长时间站立(OR=1.91,95%CI:1.23~2.95)、颈部不良姿势(OR=2.57,95%CI:1.38~4.77)、人员短缺(OR=1.73,95%CI:1.00~2.99)存在统计学关联,另外体力感觉累的人员更易出现颈部疼痛;腰部疼痛与搬抬患者(OR=2.15,95%CI:1.03~4.47)、人员短缺(OR=2.03,95%CI:1.14~3.62)存在统计学关联。体感累的错分比例超过3%时,体累感与腰痛的关联统计学意义消失;图形分析显示加班与搬动病人,以及用力与重复动作间有交互作用,但未呈现统计学意义。[结论]护理人群中肌肉骨骼疾患的患病率较高,其中腰部的患病率高于其他部位,可能的危险因素包括长时间站立、不良姿势、人员短缺以及搬抬患者等,亟需相应的政策和措施来降低护理人员肌肉骨骼疾患的患病率,提高护理人员的健康水平。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the prevalence of musculoskeletal diseases (MSDs) among nursing staff in a hospital in Shanghai. [methods] A cross-sectional survey and a Chinese version of the musculoskeletal diseases questionnaire were used to investigate the nursing staff of a third class B hospital in Shanghai in January 2016. The survey contents included: individual information. The prevalence and severity of MSDs and related occupational risk factors were identified by chi-square test, logistic regression and sensitivity analysis. [results] A total of 464 questionnaires were distributed, 423 valid questionnaires were collected, and the effective response rate was 91.2%. The prevalence rate of musculoskeletal diseases in nursing population reached 91.4% in the past year. The highest prevalence rate was waist (80.5%), followed by neck (73.2%) and shoulder (64.8%). According to logistic analysis, neck pain was associated with prolonged standing (OR=1.91,95%CI:1.23~2.95), bad neck posture (OR=2.57,95%CI:1.38~4.77), and short of staff (OR=1.73,95%CI:1.00~2.99). In addition, those who felt tired were more likely to suffer from neck pain; Lumbar pain was statistically associated with lifting patients (OR=2.15,95%CI:1.03~4.47) and staff shortages (OR=2.03,95%CI:1.14~3.62). When the wrong score ratio of somatosensory tiredness was more than 3%, the correlation between body tired feeling and low back pain disappeared statistically; the graph analysis showed that there was interaction between overtime and moving patients, as well as between exertion and repetitive action, but there was no statistical significance. [conclusion] the prevalence of musculoskeletal diseases in nursing population is higher than that in other parts of the nursing population. The possible risk factors include prolonged standing, bad posture, shortage of personnel and lifting patients, etc. Policies and measures are urgently needed to reduce the prevalence of musculoskeletal diseases and improve the health of nursing staff.
【作者单位】：复旦大学公共卫生学院/公共卫生安全教育部重点实验室;复旦大学附属金山医院;
【基金】：上海公共卫生三年行动计划(第四轮)(编号:GWIV-27.3)
【分类号】：R47

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