老年维持性血液透析患者心理一致感现状及其影响因素分析

发布时间：2019-01-20 08:30

【摘要】：目的分析老年维持性血液透析患者的心理一致感(SOC)现状及其影响因素,以制定相应对策提高患者的SOC水平,为促进其身心健康提供理论依据。方法采用便利抽样方法,选取2016年7—9月在南昌大学第一附属医院、中国人民解放军第九四医院血液透析中心行门诊血液透析治疗的老年终末期肾病(ESRD)患者132例为调查对象。采用一般资料调查表、中文版心理一致感量表(SOC-13)、社会支持量表(SSRS)、慢性病自我效能量表(SECD6)对其进行调查,共发放问卷132份,回收有效问卷120份,有效回收率为90.9%。结果老年维持性血液透析患者中文版SOC-13总分(59.0±12.6)分,可理解感维度得分(20.0±4.6)分,可控制感维度得分(23.4±5.4)分,意义感维度得分(15.6±5.7)分;SSRS总分(34.4±6.2)分,客观支持维度得分(8.8±1.7)分,主观支持维度得分(20.3±3.9)分,社会支持利用度维度得分(5.4±1.9)分;SECD6总分(5.6±2.0)分。不同文化程度、居住方式、居住地、个人月收入患者中文版SOC-13总分比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。中文版SOC-13总分及其各维度得分与SSRS总分、客观支持维度得分、主观支持维度得分、SECD6总分均呈正相关(P0.05);中文版SOC-13总分、意义感维度得分与社会支持利用度维度得分均呈正相关(P0.05)。多元逐步回归分析结果显示,文化程度、居住地、SSRS总分、SECD6总分是中文版SOC-13总分的影响因素(P0.05)。结论老年维持性血液透析患者SOC水平偏低且与文化程度、居住地、社会支持、自我效能有关,医护人员应提供具有针对性的健康宣教和心理干预,同时应注重提高患者的自我效能并发挥社会支持的重要作用,以提高患者SOC水平,促进其身心健康。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the present situation and influencing factors of psychological congruence (SOC) in elderly patients with maintenance hemodialysis, and to make corresponding countermeasures to improve the level of SOC in order to provide theoretical basis for promoting their physical and mental health. Methods A convenient sampling method was used to select the first affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from July to September 2016. 132 elderly patients with end-stage nephropathy (ESRD) treated by outpatient hemodialysis in the hemodialysis center of the 94 th Hospital of the Chinese people's Liberation Army were investigated. General information questionnaire, Chinese version of psychological consensus scale (SOC-13) and social support scale (SSRS), chronic disease self-efficacy scale (SECD6) were used to investigate the questionnaire. A total of 132 questionnaires were distributed and 120 valid questionnaires were collected. The effective recovery was 90.9%. Results in elderly patients with maintenance hemodialysis, the total score of Chinese version of SOC-13 was (59.0 卤12.6), the score of comprehensible sense dimension was (20.0 卤4.6), the score of controllable sense dimension was (23.4 卤5.4). The score of sense of meaning dimension was (15.6 卤5.7); The total score of SSRS was (34.4 卤6.2), the score of objective support dimension was (8.8 卤1.7), the score of subjective support dimension was (20.3 卤3.9), the score of social support utilization dimension was (5.4 卤1.9). The total score of SECD6 was (5. 6 卤2. 0). The total scores of Chinese version of SOC-13 in patients with different education, living style, residence and personal income were significantly different (P0.05). The total score of Chinese version of SOC-13 and its dimensions were positively correlated with the total score of SSRS, objective support dimension, subjective support dimension and total SECD6 score (P0.05). The total score of Chinese version of SOC-13, the score of sense of meaning dimension and the score of social support utilization dimension were all positively correlated (P0.05). The results of multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that education level, residence, total score of SSRS and total score of SECD6 were the influencing factors of total score of SOC-13 in Chinese version (P0.05). Conclusion the level of SOC in elderly patients with maintenance hemodialysis is low and related to their education level, residence, social support and self-efficacy. Health care workers should provide health education and psychological intervention. At the same time, we should pay attention to improve the self-efficacy of patients and play an important role in social support, in order to improve the level of SOC and promote their physical and mental health.
【作者单位】：南昌大学护理学院;中国人民解放军第九四医院培训部;
【分类号】：R473.5

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