手术室护士心理资本与职业倦怠现况及影响因素的研究

发布时间：2019-06-12 04:24

【摘要】：研究目的调查长春市三级甲等医院手术室护士心理资本与职业倦怠现状,分析两者相关性以及影响手术室护士心理资本与职业倦怠的相关因素,为提高手术室护士心理资本水平,降低职业倦怠程度,改善手术室护理服务质量提供科学依据。研究方法本研究采取方便抽样法,选取2016年7月~2016年12月长春市3所三级甲等综合性医院320名手术室护士作为研究对象。研究工具主要包括:自行设计的一般资料调查表、护士心理资本量表和马氏职业倦怠量表。使用Epi Data3.0软件录入问卷资料、建立数据库,采用SPSS20.0软件对数据进行统计学分析及处理。统计学方法包括:描述性分析、Kruskal-Wallis检验、Mann-Whitney U检验、Sperman相关分析和多元逐步回归分析等。研究结果1.手术室护士心理资本均分为4.31±0.61,处于中等水平。心理资本各维度中位数得分由高到低分别是:乐观为4.67(1.00),自我效能为4.50(1.17),希望为4.33(1.00),韧性为4.20(1.00)。2.手术室护士职业倦怠各维度中位数得分分别是:情感衰竭为21.00(13.00),处于中度倦怠水平;去人格化为3.00(6.00),处于轻度倦怠水平;个人成就感为37.00(10.00),处于中度倦怠水平。3.不同年龄、婚姻状况、职称、工作年限、层级、用工性质的手术室护士在心理资本总分与乐观维度得分差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。不同年龄、婚姻状况、职称、工作年限、层级、工作岗位、用工性质的手术室护士在自我效能维度得分差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。不同年龄、职称、工作年限、层级、用工性质的手术室护士在希望与韧性维度得分差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。4.不同工作年限、层级、月收入的手术室护士在职业倦怠的情感衰竭维度得分差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。不同性别、婚姻状况、年龄、职称、工作年限、层级、工作岗位、用工性质的手术室护士在职业倦怠的去人格化维度得分差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。不同学历、工作年限的手术室护士在职业倦怠的个人成就维度得分差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。5.手术室护士心理资本及其各维度与情感衰竭、去人格化呈负相关(P0.05),与个人成就感呈正相关(P0.05)。6.对手术室护士职业倦怠各维度进行多元逐步回归分析显示,进入情感衰竭回归方程的为希望和乐观;进入去人格化回归方程的为工作岗位、心理资本、韧性及职称;进入个人成就回归方程的为心理资本与学历。研究结论:1.手术室护士心理资本处于中等水平,韧性水平最低,应关注手术室护士韧性水平的建设,增强该群体的抗挫折能力。2.手术室护士情感衰竭、个人成就感处于中度倦怠水平,去人格化处于轻度倦怠水平,在着重提升该群体的自信心和自我评价水平的基础上,进一步降低去人格化程度。3.心理资本与职业倦怠存在相关关系,提高手术室护士心理资本水平,有助于降低职业倦怠程度。4.年龄、婚姻状况、职称、工作年限、层级、用工性质是影响手术室护士心理资本总分与乐观维度的主要因素。年龄、婚姻状况、职称、工作年限、层级、工作岗位、用工性质是影响手术室护士自我效能维度的主要因素。年龄、职称、工作年限、层级、用工性质是影响手术室护士希望与韧性的主要因素。5.工作年限、层级、月收入、乐观及希望是影响手术室护士情感衰竭维度的主要因素。其中,乐观、希望与情感衰竭呈负相关。性别、年龄、婚姻状况、职称、工作年限、层级、用工性质、工作岗位、心理资本和韧性是影响手术室护士去人格化维度的主要因素。其中,工作岗位、心理资本、韧性和职称与去人格化呈负相关,巡回护士去人格化程度低于洗手护士。学历、工作年限和心理资本是影响手术室护士个人成就维度的主要因素。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to investigate the current situation of psychological capital and job burnout of the nurses in the operating room of the three-class hospital in Changchun, and to analyze the correlation between them and the related factors that affect the psychological capital and the job burnout of the nurses in the operating room. In order to improve the psychological capital level of the nurses in the operating room and reduce the job burnout, so as to provide a scientific basis for improving the service quality of the operating room The method of the study was to select 320 operating room nurses from July 2016 to December 2016 for 320 operating room nurses from July 2016 to December 2016 as the study object. The research tools mainly include: the self-designed general data questionnaire, the nurse's mental capital scale and the Markovian job burnout scale. The data of the questionnaire was entered by using the Epi Data3.0 software, and the data were analyzed and processed by using the SPSS10.0 software. The statistical methods included: descriptive analysis, Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U test, Sperman-related analysis, and multiple stepwise regression analysis. Study Results 1. The psychological capital of the nurses in the operating room is divided into 4.31 and 0.61, which is in the middle level. The median scores of each dimension of the psychological capital are: optimism is 4.67 (1.00), the self-efficacy is 4.50 (1.17), the hope is 4.33 (1.00) and the toughness is 4.20 (1.00). The median scores of the occupational burnout of the nurses in the operating room were: the emotional exhaustion was 21.00 (13.00), at the level of moderate burnout; the depersonalization was 3.00 (6.00), in the level of mild burnout; the personal accomplishment was 37.00 (10.00) and was in the level of moderate burnout. The difference between the total score of psychological capital and the score of the positive dimension of the nurses in the operating room with different age, marital status, professional title, working life, level and employment was statistically significant (P0.05). The difference in the self-efficacy dimension of the operating room nurses with different age, marital status, professional title, working life, level, post and employment was significant (P0.05). There was a significant difference in the scores of different age, professional title, working life, level and labor intensity (P0.05). There was a significant difference in the scores of different working years, the level and the monthly income of the operating room nurses in the emotional exhaustion of the job burnout (P0.05). Different sex, marital status, age, professional title, working life, level, job, and employment character of operating room nurses had a significant difference in the depersonalization dimension scores of job burnout (P0.05). There was a significant difference in the scores of the personal achievement dimension of the operating room nurses with different academic qualifications and working years in the job burnout (P0.05). The psychological capital of the nurses in the operating room and its dimensions were negatively correlated with the emotional exhaustion and depersonalization (P0.05). The multiple stepwise regression analysis of the occupational burnout of the nurses in the operating room shows that the regression equation of the emotional exhaustion is the hope and the optimism, and the regression equation of the depersonalization is the job, the psychological capital, the toughness and the professional title; The regression equation of personal achievement is the psychological capital and the degree of education. Study conclusion:1. The psychological capital of the nurse in the operating room is at the middle level, the level of the toughness is the lowest, attention should be paid to the construction of the toughness level of the nurse in the operating room, and the anti-setback ability of the group is enhanced. In the operating room, the nurses' emotional exhaustion, the personal accomplishment is at the level of the moderate burnout, the depersonalization is at the level of the mild burnout, and the degree of depersonalization is further reduced on the basis of focusing on the improvement of the self-confidence and the self-evaluation level of the group. The relationship between the psychological capital and the job burnout is related to the improvement of the psychological capital level of the nurses in the operating room, which can help to reduce the job burnout. Age, marital status, professional title, working life, level and employment property are the main factors that affect the total score and optimistic dimension of the psychological capital of the nurses in the operating room. Age, marital status, professional title, working life, level, post and employment are the main factors that affect the self-efficacy dimension of the operating room nurses. Age, job title, working life, level, employment nature are the main factors that affect the hope and toughness of the operating room. The working life, the level, the monthly income, the optimism and the hope are the main factors that affect the emotional exhaustion of the nurses in the operating room. There is a negative correlation between optimism and hope and emotional exhaustion. Sex, age, marital status, professional title, working life, level, employment nature, post, psychological capital and toughness are the main factors that affect the depersonalization dimension of the nurses in the operating room. Among them, the job, the psychological capital, the toughness and the professional title are negatively correlated with depersonalization, and the degree of depersonalization of the circuit nurse is lower than that of the hand-washing nurse. Education, working life and psychological capital are the main factors that affect the personal achievement dimension of the nurses in the operating room.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R47

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