维吾尔族传统宗法文化研究

发布时间：2018-01-04 06:20

本文关键词：维吾尔族传统宗法文化研究　出处：《广西师范大学》2003年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 宗法制度是以父权和族权为特征的，包含有阶级对抗内容的一种宗族家族制度。作为一种特有的社会现象，它在中国历史上已延续了几千年，对社会发展产生了深远和重大的影响。近二三十年来，国内学者开始关注宗法制度的全面研究，但还存在一个用马克思列宁主义关于宗法的基本原理结合中国的具体实际来研究，还是用传统的封建经学理论或西方人类学社会学的观点来研究的争议。笔者认为，封建经学理论在过去相当长的一段时期内，已为国内外大多数学者所否定，而马克思列宁主义毛泽东思想是指导宗法研究的科学真理，人类学社会学也为我们今后的研究提供了新的视角。对维吾尔族的宗法文化，迄今还罕见有人研究，还是学术研究的空白。笔者在导师指导下，已在全国各地发表了关于维吾尔族宗法文化研究的论文八篇，受到好评。本文就是笔者根据马克思主义关于宗法的基本观点的论述，以历史学观点为主要研究方法，并结合民族学、社会人类学观点，分析了大量维吾尔族历史资料，并与其他民族的宗法形态进行广泛比较，从而揭示维吾尔族宗法形态的基本特点、形成规律、社会影响及其当前改造等诸问题的研究的一个总结。维吾尔族是中华民族重要的组成部分，自古以来，其民族经历了游牧和农耕两大时期，因而其传统文化也呈现出游牧民族的宗法性和农业民族的宗法奴隶制及封建制特征。又因其民族长期生活于华夏边陲的新疆一带，历经汉唐等诸王朝的大力开发和丝绸之路的畅通，以及元、明、清封建王朝的统治，这里更成为中西文化交流融合最活跃的地区之一。因此，伊斯兰文明与中原汉民族等传统文化都对其产生了重要影响。正是在这一特定背景下，整合、形成了维吾尔族独特的传统宗法文化。首先，文章的第一部分运用详实的史料，对维吾尔族的历史来源和发展脉络进行了简要的概述，以便把握其宗法文化在各个历史时期的不同表现和特点。其次，文章的第二部分为维吾尔族宗法文化形态论。主要从社会政权组织形 WP=4 式、家庭婚姻状况及继承制度和丧葬习俗等几个方面，重点阐述了维吾尔族传统宗法文化的不同表现形式，认为维吾尔族先后经历过宗法奴隶制和宗法封建制两个阶段，并在其社会生活的各个方面均有体现。接着，文章的第三部分进一步探讨了维吾尔族传统宗法文化的成因及其特点。认为经济因素、自然环境因素、宗教文化因素以及多民族思想文化交流是影响其宗法文化的主要原因，同时，这也导致维吾尔族宗法文化具有多元性的复合型特征。最后，文章的第四部分对传统文化进入现代文明社会后所面临的冲击和挑战，即维吾尔族传统宗法文化的现代承继和变迁情况进行了较详实地分析、说明；并且还针对在当代如何批判继承旧有宗法文化、建设维吾尔族小康社会，提出了一定的见解。总之，文章试图从宗法文化的视角，分别对维吾尔族的制度文化、宗教文化、习俗文化等进行了剖析，较深刻地反映了该民族的传统宗法文化形态及其特征，从而在一定程度上丰富了中国少数民族宗法文化的研究，为弥补中国维吾尔族传统宗法文化研究的欠缺和不足做出一些有益的尝试，，并对当前批判继承传统文化，为社会主义两个文明建设提供有益的借鉴。
[Abstract]:The patriarchal system is characterized by the patriarchal clan and the clan system contains a class antagonism. As a special social phenomenon, it has been extended in China history for thousands of years, has a significant impact on the development of the society. Over the past twenty or thirty years, domestic scholars began to study attention the patriarchal clan system, but there is a Marx with the basic principle of the Lenin doctrine on the patriarchal clan system to study the actual Chinese, or by the traditional feudal classics or the western theory of Anthropology and Sociology Point of view to study the controversy. The author believes that the period of the feudal theory in the past for a long time, has been most of the scholars in the negative at home and abroad, and Marx Lenin's Mao Zedong thought is the guidance of the patriarchal truth of science, anthropology and sociology also provides a new view for our future research on the corner. Uighur patriarchal culture, yet are rarely research or academic research blank. The author under the guidance of the instructor, has been in the country published a study on patriarchal clan culture of Uygur eight papers, has been well received. This paper is based on Marx's basic views on the patriarchal discourse, the main research methods in view of history, combined with ethnology, social anthropology, analysis of a large number of Uighur history data, and carry out extensive comparison with the patriarchal culture of other nationalities, so as to reveal the basic characteristics of Uyghur nationality forms rules and a summary on the problems of the current social influence and transformation.
Uygur is an important part of the Chinese nation since ancient times, the nation has experienced two periods of nomadic and farming, so the traditional culture also shows the nomadic patriarchal and agricultural people patriarchal slavery and feudal characteristics. Because of its long life in Chinese ethnic border area of Xinjiang, and vigorously develop the Silk Road after the Han and Tang Dynasty of the smooth, and yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasty, it became the cultural exchange between China and the West fusion area is one of the most active. Therefore, Islamic civilization and Han nationality traditional culture have important influence on it. It is integrated in this specific background. The formation of a unique, Uygur traditional patriarchal culture.
First, the first part of the article uses the detailed historical data to make a brief overview of the Uygur's historical origin and development context, so as to grasp the different manifestations and characteristics of patriarchal culture in various historical periods.
Secondly, the second part of the article is the cultural form of the patriarchal clan of the Uygur nationality. It is mainly organized from the social regime.
WP=4
Several families, marriage status and inheritance system and funeral customs and other aspects, focusing on the different forms of Uygur traditional patriarchal culture of the Uyghur nationality underwent two stages of patriarchal slavery and feudal patriarchal system, and reflected in the aspects of the social life are.
Then, the third part of the article further discusses the causes and characteristics of Uygur traditional patriarchal culture. Consider economic factors, environmental factors, religious and cultural factors as well as the multi ethnic cultural exchange is the main reason, the patriarchal culture at the same time, it also has the characteristics of guide compound diversity caused by Uighur patriarchal culture.
Finally, facing the fourth part of the article into the modern civilized society to the traditional culture after the impact and challenge of the Uighur traditional patriarchal culture of the modern inheritance and changes of the detailed analysis, and explanation; for how to criticize and inherit the traditional patriarchal culture in contemporary Uygur, construction of a well-off society, to put forward some ideas.
In short, this article attempts from the perspective of the patriarchal culture, system culture, religious culture of Uygur respectively, custom and culture are analyzed, profoundly reflects the nation's traditional patriarchal culture form and characteristics, so as to enrich the research of minority China patriarchal culture to a certain extent, to make some beneficial attempts the lack and make up for the lack of study on the traditional patriarchal culture of Chinese Uygur, and the critically inherit the traditional culture and provide a useful reference for the construction of two civilizations.

【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：C955

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