试论土司的“地方化”与“国家化”——以鄂西地区为例

发布时间：2018-02-16 20:26

本文关键词： 土司制度改土归流地方化国家化　出处：《青海民族研究》2015年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：土司制度形成、发展的历史,始终渗透、交织着"国家化"与"地方化"两种面向。鄂西地区的方志、谱书等材料显示,当地土司先祖多为中原流官,他们有着模糊、乃至想象的祖先记忆与国家认同。后因政权更迭,这些流官先祖入土为"酋",开启了其"本地化"的历史。元明时期,土司制兴起,这些先祖获封土司,被纳入"王化"。清代实行改土归流,变土司区为流官经营,试图将土司之地完全纳入"国家化"范围,以达到去除其"地方化"的目的。改流导致土司区文化受到冲击,但其"土著"特性在与外来文化的接触、碰撞中却得到最大程度彰显。因此,改土归流既是土司区"国家化"的深化,同时也强化了区域内民众的地方认同与族群认同。
[Abstract]:The history of the formation and development of the Tusi system has always permeated, intertwined with "nationalization" and "localization". Materials such as local chronicles and spectra books in the western part of Hubei show that the ancestors of the local toast were mostly Central Plains officials, and they were vague. Even the imaginary ancestral memory and national identity. As a result of the change of political power, the ancestors of these officials entered the land as "chiefdoms", opening their history of "localization." in the Yuan and Ming dynasties, the Tusi system rose, and these ancestors won the title of the Tusi. It was brought into "Wang Hua". In the Qing Dynasty, the land was changed to the flow of land, and the Tusi district was changed into a flow official. The land of the Tusi was completely brought into the scope of "nationalization" in order to achieve the purpose of removing its localization. The diversion caused the culture of the Tusi region to be impacted. But its "aboriginal" characteristic is exposed to the greatest extent in the collision with foreign culture. Therefore, the "nationalization" of the Tusi region is deepened, and the local and ethnic identity of the people in the region is also strengthened.
【作者单位】：三峡大学;
【分类号】：C95

【参考文献】