云南兴蒙蒙古族婚姻家庭的变迁

发布时间：2018-03-08 01:20

本文选题：兴蒙蒙古族　切入点：婚姻　出处：《云南大学》2010年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：婚姻家庭蕴含着一个民族的伦理观念、宗教信仰、民族性格等诸多方面的内容,在历史的不断演进中发生着变迁,这样的变迁更多的是整个民族生存发展的折射和缩影。因而,对婚姻家庭变迁的探讨可以作为了解民族社会文化的一个窗口,来观察研究一个民族在当下社会中的变迁、发展与调适,以及婚姻家庭与民族文化、民族意识等方面的相互作用。本文以云南省玉溪市通海县兴蒙乡蒙古族为主要的研究个案,兼以内蒙古正蓝旗巴彦胡舒嘎查蒙古族为对比参照,在文献资料和田野调查的基础上,从婚姻家庭问题入手,以兴蒙蒙古族的族源、历史沿革与环境的变迁、婚姻家庭的变迁,宗族观念的兴衰,以及与当代北方蒙古族婚姻家庭变迁的对比研究等层面为观察分析单位,运用文献资料、参与观察、深度访谈、调查问卷、分析性民族志等资料收集调查方法,以及历时和共时的比较研究方法,分析研究兴蒙蒙古族在远离其主体中心地域之后,在迥然有别的自然环境和文化环境中同西南边疆其他少数民族相互接触,相互通婚,蕃衍生息,这一为适应环境求生存的过程。本文具体从婚姻家庭变迁的角度出发来进行深入研究与探讨,阐述其变迁的特征和动因,究其深层,是对整个兴蒙蒙古族深层的文化变迁与调适作一番探究。论文共分七个部分,由绪论、五章正文以及结语构成。绪论部分阐述了问题从何而起,选题的学术价值,梳理了国内外前人的相关研究成果,指出了本文与以往研究的联系与区别,同时就研究思路、资料来源、分析框架和研究内容予以了阐述。第一章直接介入田野调查点,纵观兴蒙蒙古族的族源、历史沿革,考察了兴蒙蒙古族所处的自然环境和文化环境。着重从历史文献、遗传学、语言系属、民间传说、历史记忆、口述史、碑记等方面进行了印证,以大事记为线索对兴蒙蒙古族落籍云南七百五十年的历史沿革进行梳理。从自然环境、地理位置等方面描述兴蒙蒙古族的空间坐落。从对当地蒙古族的人口构成、经济生活和地理区域变迁的叙述来为本文研究主题作历史铺垫。第二章从婚姻的缔结、婚姻程序、婚姻的解除与重建这三个方面来考察兴蒙蒙古族婚姻的变迁,同时与历史上北方蒙古族的婚姻进行历时性的对比。在对比中可以看出蒙古族的婚姻形式、通婚规则、择偶方式、婚俗礼仪等各个婚姻层面,由于社会历史的变革和传承习俗的地域环境差异而呈现不同的状态。第三章考察兴蒙蒙古族的家庭人口、家庭结构、家庭关系、财产分配等方面的变迁。具体从家庭人口和结构、家庭关系和功能、生育观念,以及分家方式和继承方式等方面来对兴蒙蒙古族家庭的变迁进行阐述。家庭结构、制度的变迁在更深层面关乎对父系血缘祖先的祭祀与整个宗族的传承与维护。第四章承接上一章,对兴蒙蒙古族宗族观念,以及与之相关的祖先崇拜等进行探讨。除以家庭为单位外,兴蒙蒙古族的各姓均建有宗祠,以此追念祖先,形成了较为完整的宗族制度。宗族的发展经历了从兴盛到衰落的变更。随着兴蒙蒙古族民族意识的自觉,宗族观念被进一步扩大化,祖先崇拜上升至民族祖先崇拜。第五章与当代的北方蒙古族——巴彦胡舒嘎查蒙古族的婚姻家庭进行对比研究,并对兴蒙和巴彦胡舒嘎查两地婚姻家庭的变迁相关因素加以考察。变迁实质上是环境、人类、文化共同作用产生的结果,这三者相互影响、制约,彼此之间发生交互作用,从中我们可以看到,正是民族生存发展调适的本能需求推动了婚姻家庭的变迁。最后,本文结语部分兼顾历时性与共时性,阐述兴蒙蒙古族婚姻家庭变迁的特点及原因,对变迁引发的思考作进一步讨论。兴蒙蒙古族既没有完全抛弃北方蒙古族的文化传统,又吸收借鉴周边民族的婚姻习俗,在原有基础上发展、衍变,变成兴蒙蒙古族所特有的民族文化。这种婚姻家庭的变迁与文化的延续关系密切,在兴蒙蒙古族的民族心灵深处是对共同记忆的坚守,体现出一种文化碎片的重构。从而论证了婚姻家庭的变迁在很大程度上受制于自然地理环境和社会文化环境。同时,历史变迁、社会变革、制度变化也将直接影响到婚姻习俗、家庭制度以及人们的行为调适。从中归纳总结出兴蒙蒙古族生存发展变迁过程中的位育之道。通过本文的研究,云南兴蒙蒙古族的婚姻家庭变迁问题就是一个民族生存与发展在实践整体上的“位育”问题。深入到文化变迁的层面,就是民族生存发展过程中民族与文化之间互动的以及两者间动态平衡的时空过程,是一个调适、“和而不同”的位育过程。
[Abstract]:Contains the marriage and family ethics, a national religious, national character and many other aspects, in the evolving history of changes, this change is more of the national survival and development of refraction and microcosm. Therefore, study on marriage and family changes can be used as a window to understand national social culture the observation of a nation in the present society in transition, development and adjustment, and marriage and family and ethnic culture, the interaction of national consciousness and so on. In this paper, Tonghai County in Yuxi city of Yunnan province and the Mongolian case study mainly, and in Inner Mongolia Bayan Hu Shuga Zhenglanqi Mongolian check for comparison, based on literature and field investigation, starting from the problems of marriage and family, with the Xing Meng Mongolian source, change history and environment, marriage and family, clan The concept of the rise and fall of level and North and Contemporary Mongolian marriage and family change comparative study to observe the unit of analysis, the use of literature, observation, interview, questionnaire, analysis of ethnographic data collection and survey methods, diachronic and synchronic comparison research method, analysis of the Xing Meng in Mongolian after the main body away from central areas, in the different natural and cultural environment in the southwest frontier with other ethnic intermarriage, mutual contact, increase interest, which is adapt to the process of survival environment. This paper from the perspective of marriage and family changes to conduct in-depth study and discussion, expounds its characteristics and reasons the changes of the deep, is the Mongolian cultural change and adjustment of the Mongolian deep inquiry.
This paper is divided into seven parts, the introduction, five chapters and epilogue. The introduction part expounds the problem of the beginning, topics of academic value, combing the relevant research results at home and abroad of the predecessors, points out the connection and difference between this study and previous research, at the same time thinking, data sources, analysis framework and the research content to be elaborated.
The first chapter is directly involved in the field investigation, the Xingmeng Mongolian source, historical evolution, investigates the Xing Meng Mongolian the natural environment and cultural environment. Mainly from the historical literature, genetics, language family, folk legends, historical memory, oral history, tablets and other aspects of the proof, to to sort out the clues of memorabilia of the Xing Meng Mongolian from Yunnan seven hundred and fifty years of history. From the natural environment, geographical location and other aspects to describe the Xingmeng Mongolian space located. From the local Mongolian population, economic and geographical regions change life narrative to pave the way for the history of the research topic of this paper.
The second chapter from the marriage marriage, procedures, termination and reconstruction of these three aspects to investigate the changes of Mongolian marriage Xing Mongolian marriage, and compared the diachronic and the history of the Mongolian marriage. As can be seen in the comparison of Mongolian marriage form, marriage rules, spouse, marriage etiquette the level of marriage, due to geographical differences in social environment changes of history and heritage customs vary.
The third chapter examines the Xingmeng Mongolian family population, family structure, family relationship, change of property distribution. From the specific population and family structure, family relationship and family function, concept, and the separation and inheritance to change of Xingmeng Mongolian family were described. The family structure, system change and maintenance in a deeper level about the worship of ancestors and the patrilineal clan inheritance.
The fourth chapter is a chapter of the Xing Meng Mongolian clan, and the worship of ancestors were discussed. By dividing the family as a unit, the Xing Meng surname of Mongolian were built with the hall, to remember ancestors, formed a relatively complete clan system. The clan development experienced from prosperity to decline. With the change of Xingmeng Mongolian national consciousness, clan concept is further expanded, the worship of ancestors rose to national ancestor worship.
The fifth chapter and the Mongolian contemporary Bayan Hu Shuga check Mongolian marriage and family of comparative studies, and the Xing Meng Hu and Bayan Shuga check change related factors to be examined. Both marriage and family change is essentially human, environment, common culture, the influence of interaction of the three constraints. Interact with each other, from which we can see, it is a national survival and development adjustment instinct needs to promote the change of marriage and family.
Finally, the conclusion part of both synchronic and diachronic, expounds the characteristics and reasons of Xingmeng Mongolian marriage and family change, thinking of the changes caused by further discussion. The Xingmeng Mongolian has not completely abandoned the Mongolian traditional culture and absorbing the marriage customs of the tribe of Zhou Bianmin, in the development. Based on the original development, become the Xing Meng unique Mongolian national culture. This culture change and continuation of relationship between marriage and family close in the Xingmeng Mongolian national soul is stick to the shared memory, reflect the cultural reconstruction of a debris. To demonstrate the change of marriage and family to a great extent based on the natural geographical environment and social cultural environment. At the same time, historical change, social change, institutional change will also directly affect the marriage customs, family system and the behavior adjustment from concluded. Xingmeng Mongolian survival and development in the transition of Weiyu road. Through this study, Yunnan Xingmeng Mongolian marriage and family change is a national survival and development in the practice of "Weiyu". Deep into the cultural change level, is the space-time interaction between ethnic and national cultural development process the survival and their dynamic balance between, is an adjustment, "Weiyu process harmony but not Sameness".

【学位授予单位】：云南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：C95

【引证文献】