明清徽州地区丧葬研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 16:40

本文选题：明清　切入点：徽州　出处：《安徽大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：中国是一个礼仪之邦,丧葬则被中国古代社会认为是最重要的人生礼仪之一。丧葬的初始目的是安葬死者,经过多年的演变则成了生者对死者表达悼念和缅怀之情的外在表现形式,因此是中国古代社会生活的重要组成部分,同时也是政府和民间所聚焦的重社会大活动之一。中国丧葬礼俗的历史发展轨迹,始终贯穿着孝道思想和灵魂崇拜这两条主线,通过对徽州地区的丧葬研究还可以发现其承载着宗法制度下的血缘关系和与之相应的社会关系。可见不同时代各个地区的丧葬活动,是政治、经济、思想文化状态互相交织在一起的社会反应,有助于我们深入地研究当时的历史。本文以徽州地方志、徽州族谱、朱熹《家礼》作为研究的基本史料和文本,同时参考徽州文书、《茗洲吴氏家典》、《东原文集》、《太函集》、《歙事闲谭》、《歙纪》等文集和杂文。通过对这些史料的文本解读,将明清徽州地区丧葬礼俗的发展变化做了梳理。一方面,论述了丧葬习俗的历史传承和发展演变,并结合朱熹《家礼》和明清时期的徽州地方志、族谱等资料,还原了当时丧葬礼仪的大致程序,突出了朱熹思想对徽州地区丧葬习俗的重大影响。另一方面,对明清徽州地区丧葬礼俗呈现的一些区域地性特色以及某些僭越逾制的做法进行探讨,并分析这些现象产生的原因及其对当时社会的影响。徽州地区的丧葬习俗基本上仍遵循古代儒家的礼制。同时,由于礼制总是为政治服务的,这又决定了它必然反映当时政治领域的状况。丧葬习俗随着社会的发展,以及由此而来的经济、政治等方面的变化,加上来文化的渗透,其操作形态虽有损益变化,但精神实质与文化内核却大多维持原状。丧葬习俗所固有的稳定性、保守性以及内向性等特质使其包含着的原始思维、心理意识及多种原始文化形式通过丧葬礼仪这一特殊传承方式得以承袭。可以说它是“活态”的原始文化。对我们研究中国古代社会生活有着重大历史价值。
[Abstract]:Funeral is regarded as one of the most important rituals in ancient Chinese society.The original purpose of funeral was to bury the dead. After many years of evolution, it became an external manifestation of the living to express their mourning and remembrance of the deceased, so it was an important part of the social life of ancient China.At the same time, it is also one of the important social activities focused by the government and civil society.The historical development of funeral rites and customs in China has always run through the two main lines of filial piety and soul worship. Through the study of funeral in Huizhou, we can also find that it bears the blood relationship and the corresponding social relations under the patriarchal system.It can be seen that the funerary activities in various regions of different times are social reactions intertwined with political, economic, ideological and cultural states, which is helpful for us to study the history of that time in depth.This paper takes Huizhou local chronicles, Huizhou genealogy and Zhu Xi's Family Rites as the basic historical materials and texts of the study, and at the same time refers to the Huizhou documents, the Ming Zhou Wu Family Canon, the Dongyuan Literary Collection, the Taixin Collection, the Seasiness Tam of the matter and the she Ji, and so on.Through the text interpretation of these historical materials, the development and changes of funeral rites and customs in Huizhou area of Ming and Qing dynasties were combed.On the one hand, it discusses the historical inheritance and development of funeral customs, and restores the approximate procedure of funeral rites at that time by combining Zhu Xi's Family Rites with Huizhou local chronicles and genealogy of the Ming and Qing dynasties.It highlights the great influence of Zhu Xi's thought on the funeral customs in Huizhou.On the other hand, this paper discusses some regional features of funeral rites and customs in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and analyzes the causes of these phenomena and their influence on the society at that time.The funeral custom in Huizhou area basically still obeys the ritual system of ancient Confucianism.At the same time, the ritual system always serves politics, which determines that it must reflect the political situation at that time.With the development of society, the changes of economy and politics, and the infiltration of culture, the operation forms of funeral customs are changed, but the essence of spirit and culture are kept as they are.The inherent stability, conservatism and introversion of funeral customs make it possible to inherit the original thinking, psychological consciousness and various forms of primitive culture through the special inheritance of funeral etiquette.It can be said that it is a "living" primitive culture.It is of great historical value for us to study the social life of ancient China.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K248;K892.22

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