广西侗族传统文化与当代民族发展

发布时间：2018-05-24 11:55

本文选题：广西 + 侗族　；参考：《广西师范大学》2001年硕士论文

【摘要】： 侗族是中国南方极具民族特色、传统文化丰富的少数民族。在其漫长的发展历程中，传统文化对侗族社会发展的重要影响贯穿始终。如何在改革开放的时代，在西部大开发的热潮中，批判继承民族传统文化，以促进社会主义两个文明建设，是关系到广西乃至全国数百万侗族人民发展繁荣的人事。对侗族的传统文化，民族史研究工作者进行了不少研究，，主要集中在资料整理和个别侗区的调查研究上。但将传统文化与当代民族发展结合起来进行研究，不仅在侗族研究领域中是薄弱环节，就是在国内少数民族研究领域中也是极具现实意义的课题。本文根据马克思列宁主义关于建设社会主义新文化离不开对民族传统文化的批判继承的基本理论，对侗族的历史文献、口碑资料进行分析，试图对侗族传统文化进行宏观的归纳，并与我国其它民族进行广泛的比较，探索侗族传统文化的特点、产生原因及演变规律，思考如何在批判继承传统文化基础上建设社会主义的途径，以求填补这一方面研究的学术空白。本文首先研究了广西侗族大量文献记载和其他资料，总结山侗族传统文化的三大基本特点：一是母系遗存和父权主导、原始习俗和封建意识结合的二重性；二是由原始血缘关系引发的民俗事象的群体性；三是由民族融合和弱势文化造成的包容性。正是这三大特点决定和影响了侗族传统文化的基本面貌。在初步探讨侗族历史发展和传统文化基本特点的丛础上，文章从第二到第九部分，通过调查、收集资料、分析等研究方法，对侗族传统文化中最具民族特色的十二个方面进行考察，总结山相应的规律特征，并提出正当代改造、利用、开发的途径。第二、三部分的林业和生活性文化，属于物质文化的层面。本文指山，侗族传统林业稳定和发展的四人规律特征：原始公有制土地占有形式对经营的稳定作用、民族地域组织实现局部封闭式管理、资源利用的初级化、林木保护的迷信化。针对这些特点，提出振兴侗族林业经济应该从深化林业经营层次、外发水力能源、明析产权、发展环保、培养民族技术产业队伍等五个方面着手；侗族生活性文化小的服饰、饮食、建筑文化是农耕生活、原始崇拜、民族融合的产物，鼓楼是侗族最只代表性的建筑，本文经研究后指出：鼓楼是集群体与宗法、科学与迷信、祭祀与集会、执法与娱乐于一体的特殊形态的建筑。因此，应提倡采用健康居住形式、环保建材、加强对侗族建筑技术的研究和开发工作等改造、利用途径。第四至六部分论述的是婚姻家庭、“款”组织、节日等社会文化的层面。通过总结比较，文章提出下列新见：侗族婚姻家庭有母系遗存和父权主导、原始习俗和封建影响、本民族传统和汉苗等族婚俗影响三方面结合的特点；“款”组织是具有宗法性和地域性、原始民主平等管理的遗存和阶级统治、拥护中央统治和民族自治自卫三结合特点的侗族社会组织；侗族节日是农耕生活、原始崇拜、民族融合的产物，过节常以宗族或地域为单位。因此，根据江主席发展进步文化的指示，当前对侗族社会文化的批判继承主要抓住三个方面：第一，捉倡科学，反对述信，对小符合手士会发展婴求的姬进习俗进行改造，更好地推进计划生育、优生优育；第二，挑A台K砍传统形式，发拼“款”组织在侗族现代社会稳定和基层比主建以中的积极作川，同时避抡乡规比约超越法仲界限；第三，利用节日文化，发展旅游，招汤引资，发展侗族n会经济。第七至十部分论述了伦理诅馅、宗教、文学艺木、教育等粘神文化层面，门纳出精神文化有直观性、社会性、宗法性、教育性、吠不性等规律特征。囚此，本文抬出，哭力弘扬侗族特别巫视泅过各种活动进行社会教育的传幼，发佯侗族传幼伦理道德中与社会主义道德和当代社会发展相一致的积极！月系，以经济发展为中心，优化环境，通过谷种教育提高侗族的文化素质；应该通过经济、教育等方面，积极改造宗教文化中的迷信思想，创造性地开发利川其宗教形式，仙上成为K族团结和经济开发的途径；通过整理研究侗族的文学艺术，达到繁朵侗族的社会主义文艺的日的，发挥对比族教育的辅助作用；侗族家庭和社会文化传统教百相结台的比族牡点，可以转化为社会力量办学的垦翌融资途径，椎动学校与家庭、社会教育的总体发展：促进侗族的文化建设。侗族传统文化具有很强的比族特色和丰富多彩的外在表现形式。笔者认为，在的部大开发的历史机遇面前，对侗族传统文化的升发利川应以比族性、时代性、科学性、实川性为原则，从发展生产力、发展旅游业、卫视环境保护、发展科学教育申业等方面入手，吸收各比族的先进文化，任侗族优秀传幼文化走向1仕界，使侗族人K为）‘的和中国社会的发展作出更人的贡献。
[Abstract]:Dong nationality is a national minority with great national characteristics and rich traditional culture in the southern part of China . During its long development course ,

Traditional culture has a great influence on Dong ' s social development throughout the world . How to develop in the western region in the era of reform and opening up

In the upsurge of socialism , the traditional culture of the nationality is criticized , so as to promote the construction of the two civilizations of socialism .

Millions of Dong people in the country have developed a prosperous human resource . The traditional culture of the Dong people and the study of ethnic history have been carried out .

The research is mainly focused on the investigation and research of the data arrangement and the individual Dong areas . However , the traditional culture and the development of the contemporary nation

The research is not only weak in the field of Dong ' s research , but also in the research field of national minorities .

In this paper , according to Marxism - Leninism ' s basic theory of criticizing and inheriting the traditional culture of nationality , this paper analyzes the historical documents and mouth - of - mouth materials of the Dong ethnic group , tries to generalize the traditional culture of the Dong people , and probes into the characteristics , causes and evolution rules of the traditional culture of the Dong people , and considers how to build socialism on the basis of criticizing and inheriting the traditional culture , so as to fill the academic gap in this research .

This paper first studied the literature and other materials of Dong nationality in Guangxi , and summarized the three basic characteristics of the traditional culture of Dong nationality in Guangxi : First , it is the duality of matrilineal inheritance and patriarchy , primitive customs and feudal consciousness .
The second is the group nature of the folk affairs caused by the original blood relationship ;
The third is the inclusion of the national integration and the weak culture . It is the three characteristics that decide and influence the basic appearance of Dong ' s traditional culture .

Based on the preliminary exploration of Dong nationality ' s historical development and the basic characteristics of traditional culture , this paper studies the twelve aspects of Dong ' s traditional culture by investigating , collecting data , analyzing and so on from the second to ninth parts .

The second and third parts of forestry and living culture belong to the level of material culture . This paper refers to the four characteristics of stability and development of traditional forestry in mountain and Dong nationality : the stable function of the original public ownership land occupation form to the operation , the primary transformation of the utilization of resources and the superstition of forest protection . According to these characteristics , it is suggested that the rejuvenation of Dong ' s forestry economy should be started from the aspects of deepening the forestry management level , the external power of the hydraulic energy , the clear separation of property rights , the development of environmental protection and the cultivation of the national technical industry team .
Dong people ' s life culture is small in dress , diet and building culture is the product of farming , primitive worship and national integration . The lou is the most representative building of Dong people . After the study , it points out that the lou is a special form of building which integrates population and clan law , science and superstition , sacrifice and assembly , law enforcement and entertainment . Therefore , it is necessary to promote the reform and utilization of the research and development of Dong ' s construction technology .

The fourth to sixth parts discuss the social and cultural aspects such as marriage and family , " money " organization , holiday and so on . Through summarizing and comparing , the article puts forward the following new opinions : Dong nationality marriage and family has the characteristics of maternal and patriarchy , primitive customs and feudal influence , the traditional and Han Miao nationality marriage custom influence three aspects ;
The " money " organization is the Dong nationality society organization with the characteristics of patriarchal and regional , the surviving and class rule of the original democratic and equal management , the ownership of the central rule and the self - defence of national self - self - defence ;
The Dong nationality festival is the product of farming , primitive worship and national integration , and the festival is often in clan or region . Therefore , according to the instruction of the development progress culture of the president of the Yangtze River , the critical inheritance of Dong ' s social culture is mainly caught

in three aspect , that first , to promote science and to oppose the said letter , to transform the small accord with the Ji - jin custom who will develop the baby ' s demand for the development of the baby ,

better promote family planning and eugenics ;
Second , take the traditional form of " A " , and organize the " money " to be organized in the Dong nationality

The modern social stability and the grass - roots level are more active than those in the main construction , while avoiding the rule of land - and - ground rules beyond the bounds of the law .
third ,

By using festival culture , developing tourism and recruiting soup , Dong ethnic group is developing economy .

The seventh to ten parts discuss the aspects of ethics , religion , literature and art , education , etc .

The culture of God has the characteristics of intuition , social , patriarchal , educational , barking , etc .

To carry forward the social education of Dong people ' s special witch on the basis of various activities to carry out the social education to the young , to send the paradox to the young ethics of the society and society

A positive , monthly system in line with the development of contemporary social development , with economic development as the centre , optimizing the environment and passing through the valley

Improving the cultural quality of Dong nationality by seed education ;
The superstition of religious culture should be actively reformed through economic , education and so on .

The thought is to creatively develop the religious forms of Lianchuan and become the means of K - ethnic unity and economic development ;
through finishing

To study the literature and art of the Dong people , to reach the day of the socialist literature and art of the Dong nationality , and to play the auxiliary work of the comparative group education

Use ;
The Dong family and the social and cultural tradition teach hundreds of phase of the family of the oyster , can be converted into the social forces to run the reclamation of the school

Financing means , the general development of the vertebral and family and social education : the promotion of the cultural construction of the Dong people .

Dong people ' s traditional culture has strong specific characteristics and colorful outer forms .

In the face of the great development of the historical opportunity , the traditional culture of Dong people should be promoted to be higher than the nationality , the times , the scientific nature , the real

On the principle of Sichuan , from the aspects of developing productive forces , developing tourism , protecting the environment , developing science education , etc .

Hand and absorb the advanced culture of each group and the excellent young culture of any Dong ethnic group to the boundary of 1 , so that the Dong people ( K ) ' and China The development of society makes a greater contribution .
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2001
【分类号】：C955;K892.3

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