在中间：基诺族“考卜拉”性少数文化现象研究

发布时间：2018-08-21 12:41

【摘要】：在人类社会的情感模式中,异性恋仍旧占据主导乃至霸权地位。以此为基础而形成的社会性别刻板印象、非男即女的性别二分法,都将所有的事物分成黑白对立的两极,忽略了中间状态的存在。本文以西双版纳基诺山基诺族的考卜拉为研究对象,把它视为“在中间”状态的性少数群体,并尝试以酷儿理论为依托,呈现考卜拉如何存在于基诺族社会。考卜拉,是基诺族社会对不男不女的人的称谓。他们都是异性恋规范外的人。他们的特征主要表现为：女性具备男性化气质、男性表现出明显的女性化气质、易性、生理性别与社会性别一致却与一个无血缘、亲缘关系的同性一起生活。基诺族考卜拉具备的特征体现于不同形态的男性考卜拉和女性考卜拉中。本文分为三章：第一章是建立同性家庭的女性考卜拉；第二章是其他女性考卜拉；第三章是男性考卜拉。其中一位男性考卜拉接受了变性手术,成了易性者。他们的自身形态与酷儿极为相近,都在生理性别、社会性别和性欲上出现了不同程度的不一致性。本文的研究结论是：基诺族考卜拉现象说明性别多元化是人类社会的常态。考卜拉人群包含同性恋者,但不等同于同性恋人群,它接纳所有不遵从异性恋婚姻家庭模式的人群；同时作为一种身份,考卜拉是流动的、变化的,是人们选择生活方式的一种策略；考卜拉中同性家庭的存在方式提供了反观异性恋婚姻家庭的视角,对于建立以人为本和谐发展的社会意义深远。
[Abstract]:In the emotional mode of human society, heterosexuality still dominates and even dominates. On this basis, the gender stereotype, the gender dichotomy between men and women, divides all things into black and white opposite poles, neglecting the existence of the intermediate state. This paper takes Kobra of Jinuo nationality in Xishuangbanna as the object of study, regards it as a sexual minority in a "middle" state, and attempts to present how Kobra exists in the Jino society on the basis of the theory of queer. Kobra is the name of the people who are not male or female in the Kino society. They are all heterosexual people. Their main characteristics are as follows: women have masculine temperament, men have obvious feminization temperament, easy sex, physiological sex and social gender consistent but with a blood, kinship of the same sex living together. The characteristics of Kobra are embodied in different forms of male and female Kobra. This article is divided into three chapters: the first chapter is the establishment of the same sex family female Cobra; the second chapter is the other female Cobra; the third chapter is the male Cobra. One of the men, Cobra, underwent transgender surgery and became transsexual. They are very similar to queer in their physical gender, social gender and sexual desire in different degrees of inconsistency. The conclusion of this paper is as follows: the Kobra phenomenon shows that gender diversity is the normal state of human society. The Cobra population, which includes homosexuals but is not the same as gay people, accepts all those who do not follow heterosexual marriage and family patterns, and as an identity, Cobra is fluid and changing. It is a strategy for people to choose their way of life, and the existence of same-sex families in Cobra provides a perspective on heterosexual marriage and family, which is of profound significance to the establishment of a people-oriented harmonious development of society.
【学位授予单位】：云南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：C95

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