从“少数民族过端午”模式看文化的涵化与误读

发布时间：2019-01-10 08:14

【摘要】：本文借助有关少数民族田野调查资料,剖析了多个少数民族过端午的情形。针对多民族民俗事象的"文化间性",揭示了民俗交流存在的文化涵化过程。通过对文化元素在涵化过程中吸收和呈现方式的辨析,建立了少数民族接受端午诸元素的涵化模式。一是同核化呈现,居住在汉族地区或多民族杂居地区,受汉文化的影响,吸收了端午核心元素,其节日本质及呈现与汉族端午一样或非常接近。二是糅合化呈现,被接受或表现的少量元素成为该民族过节时较为突出且重要的符号。三是边缘化展示,有些少数民族保留着独特的过节方式,其节日的实质主要是歌舞交往等,端午文化元素具有边缘性,但长期被看做是端午节,使得少数民族五月节的再现与表述存在明显"误读"。
[Abstract]:This paper analyzes the situation of several ethnic minorities crossing the Dragon Boat Festival with the help of the field investigation of minority nationalities. In view of the interculturality of multi-national folklore, the process of cultural acculturation of folklore communication is revealed. Through the differentiation and analysis of the ways of absorbing and presenting cultural elements in the process of acculturation, this paper sets up the culturalization mode of accepting the elements of Dragon Boat Festival by ethnic minorities. The first is the appearance of homogenization, living in the Han nationality region or multi-ethnic mixed living area, influenced by the Han culture, absorbed the core elements of Dragon Boat Festival, its festival nature and presentation is the same or very close to the Han nationality Dragon Boat Festival. The other is that a small number of elements which have been accepted or expressed have become more prominent and important symbols in the festival of the nation. Third, marginalized display, some ethnic minorities retain a unique way of festival, the essence of the festival is mainly song and dance communication, the Dragon Boat Festival cultural elements are marginal, but has long been considered as the Dragon Boat Festival, It makes the reproduction and expression of May Festival of ethnic minorities exist obvious "misreading".
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院民族文学研究所;
【分类号】：C953

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