十至十一世纪漠北游牧政权的出现——叶尼塞碑铭记录的九姓达靼王国

发布时间：2019-02-14 19:44

【摘要】：九姓达靼是十至十一世纪占据蒙古高原中心地域的游牧部落联盟,其名称出现于叶尼塞碑铭中的哈尔毕斯·巴里碑铭。其中,九姓达靼之后的文字,可读作lkaB,相关文句可复原为toquz tatar elik釨 bard釭m(我去了九姓达靼王国)。通过对哈尔毕斯·巴里碑铭、Elegest1(E10)碑铭、Begre(E11)碑铭氏族印记的对比分析,结合Begre碑铭中出使中国的记录,哈尔毕斯·巴里碑铭纪年应是十世纪。而回鹘文献中部落名称之后的"el"(国)的用法,以及汉籍达靼人的称号,表明当时的九姓达靼是一王国。汉籍记录十世纪时期以国王、天王娘子、宰相名义朝贡宋朝的达靼国,并非"河西达靼",而是九姓达靼。十世纪时期的九姓达靼,堪称"九姓达靼王国"。漠北草原游牧政权的传统,在黠戛斯退出漠北之后并未间断。成吉思汗创建的大蒙古国,应是继承了九姓达靼王国的政权传统。
[Abstract]:Nine datars is a nomadic tribal alliance that occupied the heart of the Mongolian plateau from the tenth to the eleventh century. Its name appears in the inscription of Yenese inscription Harbis Bari. Among them, the text after lkaB, can be read as "toquz tatar elik / bard" m (I went to the Kingdom of Dartar). Based on the comparative analysis of the clan imprint of the inscriptions of Halbis Barry and Elegest1 (E10), Begre (E11, and combined with the records of China made in the inscription of Begre, the chronicle of the inscription of Halbis Barry should be the tenth century. The use of "el" after the tribal name in the Uighur literature and the title of the ethnic Dartars of Han nationality indicate that the nine datars at that time were a kingdom. Han nationality recorded that in the tenth century, in the name of King, Lady of Heaven and Prime Minister, tribute was paid to the State of Dartar in Song Dynasty, not Hexi Datars, but nine surnames of Dartar. In the tenth century, the nine surnames of Dartar were called "nine surnames of the Kingdom of Dartar". The tradition of nomadic regimes in the northern desert was uninterrupted after the shrewd Gladys withdrew from the north of the desert. Genghis Khan founded the Great Mongolia, should be inherited nine surnames of the Kingdom of Dartar regime tradition.
【作者单位】：内蒙古大学蒙古史研究所;
【基金】：2012年国家社科基金项目“九世纪中期至十一世纪漠北草原历史研究(批准号12XMZ010)”的阶段性研究成果之一
【分类号】：K877.42

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