巴基斯坦典型生物质快速热解制备生物油及其提质研究

发布时间：2021-10-11 02:29

　　巴基斯坦是一个发展中国家,农业和工业占GDP比重分别为18.86%和20.91%。随着生活水平的改善、人口数量的增长以及城市化进程的加速,能源需求量不断增加。目前平均能源供需缺口为5000MW,在能源需求高峰期的7月份这一数值高达7000MW,这造成GDP损失4～7%。能源需求量正以每年8-10%的速度增长。在巴基斯坦能源构成中,化石燃料占61%,而可再生能源则不足1%。针对于此,需进一步提高可再生能源在能源消费中的地位。作为一种非常具有发展潜力的可再生能源,生物质资源在巴基斯坦十分丰富。在农村地区,家庭能源消耗约50%由薪柴满足,34%由禽畜粪便及农业废弃物提供。然而,由于森林的增长率已经下降了8.8%,致使薪材的供应量正在减少。与之相对比,棉花秸秆、小麦秸秆、稻草、甘蔗渣和玉米秸秆等农业废弃物的产量则分别高达49.4、34.581、16.75、7.83和5.325百万吨。每年可收集农业废弃物总量高达25.271百万吨,合计发电量为61838 GWhth。热解是一种众所周知的高温无氧热化学转化技术,可以将生物质转化成生物油,具有碳零排放的特点,目前收到广泛的研究。在适当和高效的管理条... 

【文章来源】：华北电力大学(北京)北京市 211工程院校 教育部直属院校

【文章页数】：138 页

【学位级别】：博士

【文章目录】：
Abstract
摘要
Acronyms and Abbreviations
Chapter 1 Introduction
    1.1 Framework of thesis
    1.2 Key contributions
    1.3 Thesis outline
    1.4 Research Innovations
    1.5 Technological route
Chapter 2 Pakistan's energy crisis and potential of biomass
    2.1 Energy Mix
        2.1.1 Electricity consumption scenario
    2.2 Potentail of biomass in pakistan
        2.2.1 Energy generation potential of major biomass resources
    2.3 Liquid Fuels: Future of biomass energy
    2.4 Socioeconomic and environmental benefits
        2.4.1 Cheaper energy
        2.4.2 Employment Generation
        2.4.3 Environmental Benefits
    2.5 Bottlenecks in utilization
Chapter 3 Thermochemical conversion of biomass
    3.1 Fast pyrolysis of biomass
    3.2 Types of fast pyrolysis reactors
    3.3 Bio-oil fuel applications
    3.4 Recent advancement in fast pyrolysis research
        3.4.1 Bio-oil from fast pyrolysis
        3.4.2 Analysis of Bio-oil
        3.4.3 Pyrolytic vapor upgradation
    3.5 Economic of fast pyrolysis
    3.6 Challenges and opportunities
Chapter 4 Study of Pakistani biomass under fast pyrolysis
    4.1 Background
    4.2 Materials and methods
    4.3 Results and Discussions
        4.3.1 Pyrolytic product distribution under fast pyrolysis of wheat stalk
        4.3.2 Pyrolytic product distribution of bagasse and cotton stalk
    4.4 Summary
Chapter 5 Catalytic fast pyrolysis of Pakistani biomass to upgrade bio-oil
    5.1 Background
    5.2 Material and methods
        5.2.1 Biomass Material
        5.2.2 Py-GC/MS Technique
    5.3 Result and Disussion
        5.3.1 Catalytic effect of the three catalysts
        5.3.2 Effect of pyrolysis temprature
        5.3.3 Effect of catalyst to biomass ratio
        5.3.4 Effect on lignin derived products
        5.3.5 Effect on holocellulose derived products
    5.4 Summary
Chapter 6 Conclusion and Future work
    6.1 Conclusion
    6.2 Future Work
References
Published Papers
Acknowledgement
About the author


【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]模块柔性划分方法[J]. 祁卓娅,王建正,韩新民.  机械工程学报. 2007(01)



本文编号：3429610