美国墨西哥边境治理及移民分析

发布时间：2017-12-27 02:14

本文关键词：美国墨西哥边境治理及移民分析　出处：《外交学院》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：美国政府在20世纪90年代实施了一系列边境治理计划，旨在打击非法越境行为。尽管边境执法设施以及执法人员数量得到大大增加，但就非法移民人数及震慑效果来看，美国边境治理政策收效甚微。本篇论文旨在通过分析政策背后的经济及政治因素，来阐明这样一个“无效”的边境政策缘何得以实现其政治上的成功。美国边境治理政策对非法移民造成了选择性影响，从而产生了一种“短期居留”的移民模式。这样的模式在保护本国公民就业机会的同时，还可以为美国劳动力市场提供大量的廉价劳动力，以保证其经济发展。此外，面对国内与日俱增的反移民以及支持限制论的呼声，该政策还可以妥善缓解移民对社会造成的非经济类威胁。通过加强边境治理，并有效利用边境的象征价值，，政府得以更好地维护国家—公民关系，从而巩固其权力合法性。
[Abstract]:In 1990s, the United States government implemented a series of border control plans aimed at combating illegal cross-border activities. Although the number of border enforcement facilities and law enforcement personnel has been greatly increased, the number of illegal immigrants and the deterrent effect show little effect on the US border control policy. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the reason why such an ineffective border policy has achieved its political success by analyzing the economic and political factors behind the policy. The United States border governance policy has a selective impact on illegal immigration, resulting in a "short-term residence" model of immigration. Such a mode can not only protect the employment opportunities of its citizens, but also provide a large number of cheap labor force for the US labor market, so as to ensure its economic development. In addition, in the face of the increasingly frequent domestic anti immigration and support restriction theory, this policy can also alleviate the threat of immigrants to the society. By strengthening border governance and effectively utilizing the symbolic value of the border, the government can better safeguard the relationship between state and citizens, thereby consolidating the legitimacy of its power.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D771.2

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