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二战后英国文官制度改革研究

发布时间:2018-01-03 07:28

  本文关键词:二战后英国文官制度改革研究 出处:《东北大学》2010年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文


  更多相关文章: 英国 文官制度 改革


【摘要】:英国是世界上最早建立文官制度的国家,也是目前世界上文官制度建设最为完备的国家。1870年英国文官制度确立至今,已经有逾百年的历史。而英国文官制度真正意义上的“现代化”进程则肇始于二战之后。二战以来,英国文官制度历经了富尔顿改革、撒切尔夫人时期的改革以及二十世纪晚近至今的一系列改革。在改革的过程中,历届政府对英国文官制度确立之初的各项原则进行了选择、扬弃、补充和发展,最终形成今天英国文官系统廉政、高效、专业化的形象和良好声誉。 本文以第二次世界大战为分水岭,概述了二战前英国文官制度的基本特点和发展概貌,同时,分析了二战对英国文官制度产生的影响。在此基础上,本文详尽系统地介绍了二战后富尔顿改革、撒切尔夫人政府改革以及二十世纪晚近以来历届政府的改革等三次英国文官制度的重要改革的背景、改革历程以及改革的措施和结果,并对这三次改革的目标、动力、策略、措施等各个方面进行了系统的分析并对其改革经验加以总结。 笔者认为,二战后英国文官制度的三次主要改革,以打造廉政、高效的文官系统为目标;以征得民众支持和对公共精神的尊崇为动力、先后采取了“闪电战”式和“费边式”改革策略;通过完善功绩制、引入竞争机制、文官系统的“私有化改革”等一系列措施使文官制度得以不断完善。 中国的公务员制度从1980年代确立以来,已有20余年的发展。但是,我国的公务员制度仍然不够完善,存在着一些不足和制约其发展的瓶颈。本文以英国文官制度改革的经验总结为借鉴,分析了其可供中国公务员制度建设和改革参考的重要启示。
[Abstract]:Britain is the world's oldest established the civil service system, is currently the world's most national civil service system construction has.1870 years of British civil service system to establish complete, there have been more than one hundred years. While the British civil service system in the true sense of "modernization" process began after World War II. Since World War II, the British civil service system after the Fulton reform, the reform period and Mrs. Thatcher late in the twentieth Century has a series of reform. In the process of reform, governments are selected on the principle at the beginning of the establishment of the British civil service system sublation, supplement and development, and ultimately the formation of the British civil service system today, honest, efficient, professional image and reputation.
In this paper, the Second World War as a watershed, the basic characteristics and development overview, introduced before the Second World War the British civil service system at the same time, analysis of the impact of World War II in the British civil service system generated. On this basis, this paper systematically introduces the reform of Fulton after the Second World War, an important reform Margaret Thatcher government reform and government since late in the twentieth Century the reform of the three British civil service system reform and the course reform background, measures and results, and the three times reform goal, motivation, strategy, systematic analysis measures and other aspects and the reform experience is summarized.
The author believes that after the Second World War, the British civil service system of the three major reforms, to create honest and efficient civil service system as the goal; to obtain public support and respect for the power of public spirit, has taken a "blitz" and "Fabian" reform strategy; through the improvement of the merit system, introducing competition mechanism, a a series of measures system of civilian "privatization" and so on the civil service system has been continuously improved.
China from 1980s since the establishment of the civil service system, the development of more than 20 years. However, China's civil service system is still not perfect, there are some problems and the bottleneck of its development. Based on the British civil service system reform experience for reference, analyzes the important inspiration for reference to construction and reform of the civil service system China.

【学位授予单位】:东北大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2010
【分类号】:D756.1

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