科索沃民族问题中的利益分析

发布时间：2018-01-13 19:19

本文关键词：科索沃民族问题中的利益分析　出处：《中央民族大学》2009年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 科索沃问题近年来一直是国内外学术界研究的热点。科索沃民族问题的起点来源于阿尔巴尼亚族和塞尔维亚族两大主体民族利益的争端。对历史认识的不同、宗教信仰的不同、不同民族形成过程,使得塞阿两族对科索沃的认识产生了巨大的分歧,双方都认为自己才是科索沃真正的主人,是科索沃合理合法的拥有者。历史上,塞阿两族都坚持认为自己才是最早在科索沃定居的主人。宗教上塞阿两族分别信仰东正教和伊斯兰教。针对利益相关的国家和利益集团,文章则采用政治学中常用的利益分析的方法对科索沃问题予以全新的研究和探讨。首先,文章对科索沃的问题的起因、发展和现阶段的情况进行了简单的回顾。历史上,塞阿两民族都把科索沃作为自己的核心利益。二战结束后,随着南斯拉夫和阿尔巴尼亚两个国家的先后独立,此后科索沃虽作为一个自治省归属于南斯拉夫,但是科索沃的土地上始终并立了塞族和阿族两大主体民族,然而在人口数量上,二战后阿族却已经取得了优势地位。此后,两族由于出于各自不同的利益诉求多次发生冲突。在前南解体前,大的民族冲突可以分为三次,使得科索沃问题的解决变得越来越复杂。其次,对于科索沃的民族问题,坚持采用利益分析的方法,对于真实的认识科索沃民族问题有着重要的意义。从政治层面来说,科索沃问题是几个相关政治利益集团博弈的结果。其中最为重要的一条就是相关集团的核心利益的为实现自己利益最大化的自身追求。国际上,出于自身利益,与塞尔维亚同属斯拉夫民族、共同信仰东正教的俄罗斯,积极支持南斯拉夫的主权独立和领土完整,期待一个强大的南斯拉夫成为其在东欧利益的主要支撑点。美国希望通过肢解南斯拉夫来产生一群巴尔干小国家,以达到其领导世界、控制石油、大发横财的目的。欧洲其他国家则希望南斯拉夫欧洲化,成为欧洲大家庭的一员,使欧洲逐渐成为一个整体成为有能力和美、俄等分庭抗礼的一极。中国的核心利益就是在确保本国主权和领土的情况下,巩固与各个邻国的关系,发展与美俄欧三方关系下,一心一意谋求自身发展,尽快实现自己的和平崛起。再次,文章指出,科索沃独立后,塞尔维亚虽然被肢解,但所幸巴尔干火药桶并没有被点燃——爆发大规模的世界性大战。然而这却给了民族分裂主义分子一个错误的信号,世界上存在民族分裂问题的国家都对此心悸不已。全球利益分享下的世界,政治经济一体化组织风起云涌,科索沃的独立显然与国际大趋势背道而驰。最后,文章展开展望,美国在科索沃独立后,战略利益将继续调整,继而施展新干涉主义的伎俩,在世界上寻找潜在对手,予以削弱和瓦解。欧洲在战后,将积极将科索沃和塞尔维亚纳入到欧洲一体化进程当中去,消除战争隐患、扩大自身实力。俄罗斯在科索沃的失败,也使俄彻底丢掉了投入美欧怀抱的幻想,转而谋求自身实力的加强,加强了与美国欧盟的对抗。吸取了南斯拉夫民族分裂的教训、科索沃战争经验的中国,将一如既往的积蓄力量实现中国式的和平崛起。
[Abstract]:Kosovo is a research hotspot in the academic circles at home and abroad in recent years. Kosovo's ethnic problems in Albania and starting point source of dispute of Serbia nationality two main national interests. The understanding of history is different, different religious beliefs, different ethnic formation process, makes the CEA on the understanding of the Kosovo two group have great differences. Both sides believe that he is the real master of Kosovo, Kosovo is the legitimate owner. Historically, CEA group two insisted that he is the first to settle in Kosovo master. Religious group two were orthodox, plug and Islam. According to the interests of relevant groups, the article uses the political to analyze the common interests of the new study and Discussion on the issue of Kosovo.
First of all, the cause of problems in Kosovo, the development and present situation. After a brief review of the history of the two nation, CEA Kosovo as their core interests. After the end of World War II, along with Yugoslavia and Albania in two countries has since independence, although Kosovo as an autonomous province belonged to Yugoslavia. But the land of Kosovo has signed the two main ethnic Serbs and Albanians, however in population after the Second World War, Albanian has already achieved dominance. Since then, two people due to their different interests conflict many times. In the disintegration of the former Yugoslavia, the ethnic conflict can be divided into three times, making the solution the Kosovo issue is becoming more and more complicated.
Secondly, ethnic problems in Kosovo, insist on using interest analysis, has the important significance for the real understanding of the ethnic problems in Kosovo. From the political perspective, Kosovo is a game related to results of political interest groups. The most important one is the core interests of the relevant group to achieve their maximum the interests of their own pursuit.
The world, for their own interests, and Serbia are the common Slavic, Russian Orthodox faith, actively support Yugoslavia's sovereignty and territorial integrity, look forward to a strong Yugoslavia has become the main support for Eastern European interests. The United States hopes to dismember Yugoslavia to produce a group of small Balkan countries, oil control to achieve its leadership in the world,, windfall. Other European countries want Yugoslavia to Europe, become a member of the European family, Europe has gradually become a whole can become a force and beauty, Russia equal rival pole. Chinese is the core interests in ensuring its sovereignty and territorial situation, to consolidate relations with all the development of neighboring countries, Europe and beauty three party relationships, undivided attention to seek their own development, realize their peaceful rise as soon as possible.
Again, the article pointed out that, after the independence of Kosovo, although Serbia was dismembered, but fortunately Balkan has not been lit, the outbreak of World War mass. However it has given ethnic separatists a wrong signal to the world, there are problems of ethnic separatism countries palpitations. Global interests share under the world economic integration organization, the political independence of Kosovo and raging like a storm, obviously the international trend draw further apart.
Finally, the paper prospects the United States in Kosovo after independence, strategic interests will continue to adjust, and then play a trick of new interventionism, looking for potential rivals in the world, to weaken and collapse in Europe. After the war, will make Kosovo and Serbia into the process of European integration, eliminate hidden dangers, to expand their own strength. Russia's defeat in Kosovo, the Russian and European arms completely lost into fantasy, instead seeking to strengthen their own strength, strengthen the European Union and the United States against. Yugoslavia learned ethnic splitting lessons, Kosovo experience of war Chinese, the power savings achieved will be as in the past China the peaceful rise.

【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D75

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