转型中的俄罗斯政党政治

发布时间：2018-01-22 13:56

本文关键词： 俄罗斯政党政治特点制约因素发展趋势　出处：《山东大学》2008年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 20世纪以来,政党政治越来越成为当今国际政治普遍存在的一种政治现象。苏联解体后,俄罗斯政治转型问题,尤其是其中转型中的政党政治问题,一直受到普遍关注。随着俄罗斯政党政治的渐趋成熟,这为我们对此问题作出客观的评判提供了条件。俄罗斯政党政治的主要内容是从苏联时期的一党制转向西方式的多党制。俄罗斯多党制的确立经历了一个从混乱无序状态逐渐走向规范化和法制化的过程。普京执政后,颁布与实施了《政党法》,使政党活动走上了法制化轨道,政党在国家政治生活中的作用也有所提高。各类政党和政党组织经过重新组合,初步形成了“一党独大、多党并存”政党格局。同时由于主客观条件的限制,特别是某些制度性因素的限制,俄罗斯政党政治的进一步发展也面临着一些问题。俄罗斯要真正建立起成熟的政党政治,还需要一个较长的过程。本文结合政党政治的基本理论,系统地考察了俄罗斯独立后政党政治的形成和发展,探讨了俄罗斯政党的基本态势和基本特征,分析了政党政治的作用及其制约因素,然后预测了俄罗斯政党政治的发展趋势。本文共由导言和五个部分组成: 导言主要对本文的理论基点和研究方法进行了说明。第一章,政党政治的理论概述。本章主要阐述了政党的涵义、特征及其功能,政党政治与政党制度的涵义界定、功能及其运作。以此作为本文的立论基础。第二章,俄罗斯政党政治转型的阶段划分。本章主要阐释了俄罗斯政党政治的发展演变,经过了从苏联末期的混乱无序状态到逐步规范化法制化的过程,大体上可以划分为四个阶段。第三章,俄罗斯政党的基本态势及其特点。本章首先阐述了转型中的俄罗斯政党的基本态势,以及各主要政党自身的发展状况;其次分析了当前俄罗斯政党政治的基本特征。第四章,俄罗斯政党政治的作用及其制约因素。本章首先分析了俄罗斯政党在国家政治生活中的作用。俄罗斯政党的作用有一个发展过程,总体看呈上升趋势。但是由于受诸多因素的制约,俄罗斯政党的作用存在很大的局限性。其次阐释了俄罗斯政党政治发展的主要制约因素。第五章,俄罗斯政党政治的发展趋势。本章根据以上对当前俄罗斯政党基本态势的考察和分析,预测了俄罗斯政党政治的发展趋势。俄罗斯的政党政治将继续朝规范化的方向发展,政党数量会明显减少;俄罗斯将呈现“一党独大、多党并存”的政党格局;尽管权威主义主导着政党政治的发展,目前的俄罗斯政党政治不利于民主政治的成长和巩固,但从长期看,在条件成熟时有可能塑造一个执政党。最后是作为本文总结的结束语。
[Abstract]:Since 20th century, party politics has become a common political phenomenon in international politics. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the political transformation in Russia, especially in the transition of political party politics. As Russian party politics matures, this provides conditions for us to make an objective assessment of this issue. The main content of Russian party politics is from the one-party system in the Soviet Union to the multi-party system in the western style. The establishment of the multi-party system in Russia has gone through a process from disorder to standardization and legalization. After Jing came to power. The promulgation and implementation of the "Law on political parties" has put the activities of political parties on the track of legalization, and the role of political parties in the political life of the country has also been improved, and all kinds of political parties and political party organizations have been reorganized. At the same time, due to the restrictions of subjective and objective conditions, especially some institutional factors. The further development of Russian party politics also faces some problems. Based on the basic theory of party politics, this paper systematically examines the formation and development of party politics after Russia's independence, and probes into the basic situation and characteristics of Russian political parties. This paper analyzes the function and restrictive factors of party politics, and forecasts the development trend of party politics in Russia. This paper consists of an introduction and five parts: The introduction mainly explains the theoretical basis and research methods of this paper. The first chapter is the summary of the theory of party politics. This chapter mainly expounds the meaning, characteristics and functions of political parties, the definition, function and operation of political party politics and political party system, which is the basis of this thesis. The second chapter, the phase division of political transformation of Russian political party. This chapter mainly explains the development and evolution of Russian party politics, which can be divided into four stages, from the chaotic state of the late Soviet Union to the gradual standardization of legalization. The third chapter, the basic situation and characteristics of Russian political parties. This chapter first describes the basic situation of the Russian political parties in the transition and the development of the main political parties themselves, and then analyzes the basic characteristics of the current Russian party politics. Chapter 4th, the role of Russian party politics and its restrictive factors. This chapter first analyzes the role of Russian political parties in the political life of the country. The role of Russian political parties has a development process, the overall trend is on the rise. But due to the constraints of many factors. The role of Russian political parties has great limitations. Secondly, the main restrictive factors of the development of Russian political parties are explained. Chapter 5th, the development trend of Russian party politics. Based on the above investigation and analysis of the current basic situation of Russian political parties, this chapter predicts the development trend of Russian party politics, which will continue to develop in the direction of standardization. The number of political parties would be significantly reduced; Russia will present a "one-party dominant, multi-party coexistence" political party pattern; Although authoritarianism dominates the development of party politics, the current Russian party politics is not conducive to the growth and consolidation of democratic politics, but in the long run, it is possible to shape a ruling party when the conditions are ripe. The last part is the conclusion of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D751.2

【引证文献】