巴布亚新几内亚独立以来贪腐问题研究

发布时间：2018-01-27 08:15

本文关键词： 巴布亚新几内亚贪腐治理成效　出处：《苏州科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：1975年独立以来,贪腐伴随巴布亚新几内亚现代化发展各个阶段,只是在严重程度上略有差别。相比于独立至1980年代,1990年代至今的贪腐呈高官化国际化潜规则化三大特征。越发猖獗的贪腐,对国家现代化发展具有巨大的破坏性和危害性。不仅阻碍国家政治法制化与民主化,降低政府的公信力与合法性,而且制约经济发展,影响人民生活水平的提高。这引起了巴布亚新几内亚人的高度重视,独立以来,历届政府采取了诸多治理贪腐的措施,不仅颁布了《领导人责任与义务组织法》与《政党与候选人廉正组织法》等一系列反腐法律,规范领导人与政党的行为,还成立了具有权威性的反腐机构监察专员公署以及其他反腐组织。这些努力在治理贪污腐败方面取得了一定的实效,一系列贪腐案件被揭发,许多贪腐分子受到惩罚。但这种成效是低下的,并未取得令人满意的效果,巴布亚新几内亚依然面临严峻的反腐形势。多年来透明国际清廉指数显示,巴布亚新几内亚仍属于严重贪腐国家。而这既有反腐制度存在漏洞,政党政治不稳定,监督机制不健全等制度性方面的原因;也有传统文化的历史惯性,反腐政治意愿的微弱,廉政道德规范的缺乏等非制度性方面的原因。这些因素共同作用,致使巴布亚新几内亚贪腐严重且治理成效欠佳。
[Abstract]:Since independence in 1975 corruption has been accompanied by stages of modernization in Papua New Guinea with only slightly different degrees of severity as compared to independence until the 1980s. Corruption in the 1990s and present? Internationalization? The corruption, which is becoming more and more rampant, is destructive and harmful to the development of national modernization. It not only hinders the legalization and democratization of national politics, but also reduces the credibility and legitimacy of the government. Moreover, it restricts economic development and affects the improvement of people's living standards. This has aroused the great attention of the people of Papua New Guinea. Since independence, successive governments have taken many measures to combat corruption. Not only have a series of anti-corruption laws, such as the Organization Act on leaders' responsibilities and obligations and the Organic Law on Integrity of political parties and candidates, been promulgated to regulate the conduct of leaders and political parties. An authoritative anti-corruption agency, the Office of the Ombudsman, and other anti-corruption organizations have also been established. These efforts have achieved some success in combating corruption, and a series of corruption cases have been uncovered. Many corrupt elements were punished. But the results were low and had not been satisfactory, and Papua New Guinea was still facing a serious anti-corruption situation. The Transparency International Integrity Index had shown over the years. Papua New Guinea is still a country of serious corruption, which has institutional causes such as loopholes in the anti-corruption system, political instability in political parties and inadequate monitoring mechanisms; There are also the historical inertia of traditional culture, the weak political will of anti-corruption, the lack of ethical norms of clean government and other non-institutional reasons. These factors work together. As a result of serious corruption and poor governance in Papua New Guinea.
【学位授予单位】：苏州科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D761.3;K613

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