美国特别区政府自治评价

发布时间：2018-01-29 14:05

本文关键词： 公共服务特别区自治　出处：《环球法律评论》2013年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：在现代行政国家,政府承担着越来越多的公共服务职责,其自身的组织形态和活动方式也随之发生改变。在美国,作为与公民日常生活最为贴近的政府层级,地方政府正面临着民众对更多、更好公共服务日益增长的需求。美国地方政府的形成和运作素来有公民自治的传统,这不仅体现在一般目的地方政府的设立和运作上,而且还反映在地方政府类型的创设上。特别区政府属于与一般目的地方政府相对的特殊目的地方政府。其治理模式的形成与普遍发展便是在自治传统的支持下对公民需求的回应。发展至今,该治理模式远非完美,它正遭遇不经济、低效、碎片化、隐匿性乃至不民主等指责。但是,不能简单地将这些指责等同于特别区治理模式的困境;而是需要回溯其自治传统,在反思都会化改革理论、公共选择理论的基础上,对公共服务领域的自治传统进行重塑,才能避免公共服务的异化,实现行政权及其法律规制的顺利转型。
[Abstract]:In modern administrative countries, the government is assuming more and more public service responsibilities, and its own organization and activities have changed. In the United States, as the most close to the daily life of citizens, the level of government. Local governments are facing increasing demand for more and better public services. The formation and operation of local governments in the United States has always had a tradition of civic autonomy. This is not only reflected in the general purpose of the establishment and operation of local governments. It is also reflected in the creation of local government types. The special district government belongs to the special purpose local government, which is opposite to the general purpose local government. The formation and general development of its governance model is supported by the autonomy tradition. Response to the needs of citizens. Developed to date. The governance model is far from perfect, it is encountering uneconomic, inefficient, fragmented, occult and even undemocratic accusations, but can not simply equate these accusations with the plight of the special district governance model; On the basis of reflecting on the reform theory and the theory of public choice, the autonomy tradition in the field of public service should be reshaped so as to avoid the alienation of public service. To realize the smooth transformation of administrative power and its legal regulation.
【作者单位】：中国政法大学;
【分类号】：D771.2
【正文快照】： 一特别区政府及其运作模式在美国的政府架构中,特别区政府(special district)属于地方政府的一种组织形式,它是承担部分功能的一级地方政府,是在一般目的地方政府辖区上的“叠床架屋”,自然也是具有独立地位的政府法人。这表明其并非临时性的机构,亦非某级政府或某个政府部门

【共引文献】