20世纪美国对墨西哥移民政策研究

发布时间：2018-03-01 12:28

本文关键词： 美国对墨西哥移民政策 1965年移民法移民改革与控制法　出处：《外交学院》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：20世纪美国对墨西哥移民政策课分为两个时期，，第一时期是从20世纪初到1965年之间的自由移民政策时期，这一时期主要通过的移民政策是20年代移民限额制度以及40年代的季节劳工项目，这一期间的特点是对墨西哥人采取自由放任的移民政策，第二时期是从1965年到20世纪末的限制处罚时期，该期间通过的法案主要是1965年移民法以及1986年非法移民改革与控制法，首次把墨西哥纳入全球移民限额体系，并采取各项措施打击墨西哥非法移民，该期间移民政策的特点是限制、打压和处罚，总体而言，20世纪后半期移民政策的效用是失败的，违背了其限制墨西哥裔移民的目的，反而带来了更多的非法移民。美国对墨西哥移民政策的制定与美国外交政策密不可分，当美国采取孤立主义外交时，必须依靠墨西哥填补劳动力空缺，当美国采取全球争霸外交政策时，墨西哥又被纳入其全球战略范畴，原有例外主义的移民政策被抛弃。
[Abstract]:In 20th century, the US Immigration Policy Division for Mexico was divided into two periods. The first period was a period of free immigration policy from the beginning of 20th century to 1965. The main immigration policy adopted during this period was the 20s immigration quota system and the 40s seasonal labour programme, which was characterized by a laissez-faire immigration policy towards Mexicans. The second period was the period of restrictive punishment from 1965 to the end of 1986, during which the Act on Immigration of 1965 and the Act on Reform and Control of illegal immigrants of 1986 introduced Mexico for the first time into the global immigration quota system. And to take measures to combat illegal Mexican immigration, which during that period was characterized by restrictions, repression and punishment. Overall, the effectiveness of immigration policies in the second half of the twentieth century was unsuccessful, contrary to its purpose of restricting immigrants of Mexican descent, Instead, it brings more illegal immigrants. U.S. immigration policy toward Mexico is inextricably linked to U.S. foreign policy. When the United States adopts isolationist diplomacy, it has to rely on Mexico to fill the gaps in its labor force. When the United States adopted a foreign policy of global hegemony, Mexico was included in its global strategy and the original exceptionalist immigration policy was abandoned.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D871.2;D773.1

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