社会救助制度的中外比较研究

发布时间：2018-03-26 22:03

本文选题：社会救助　切入点：国外　出处：《东北师范大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：纵观各国社会救助制度的发展,它是保障社会稳定的最后一道防线,也是穷人的最低生活标准的最低保障线。首先,社会救助制度促进了人权意识的形成,保证社会贫困人民的基本人权,包括尊重权。其次,社会救助制度促进了社会公平意识的增强。无论是发达国家还是发展中国家,社会救助制度的不断完善将是维持社会安定、人民安康的重要制度。建立和完善社会救助制度,是解决国家贫困的重要制度,更重要的是也是实现社会稳定和公正的制度之一。在经济全球化的背景下,世界各国根据自身的国情形成了各具特色的社会救助运行模式和制度安排。本文比较分析中外社会救助制度的意义在于,通过分析和论述国外社会救助制度发展和完善过程中的经验和教训,把握世界部分典型国家社会救助制度的总体发展和完善状况,结合中国制度背景、经济背景、社会背景的基础之上,取国外社会救助制度经验之精华,去其糟粕,为我所用,使中国社会救助制度在参与经济全球化的过程中平稳地与世界接轨。本文在理论阐述和数据分析的基础上,结合理论性、系统性和实用性的分析特点,主要在论述了社会救助制度的内涵、结构、社会救助目标与反贫困的基础之上。重点以中外社会救助制度的产生与发展历程、部分国家及我国社会救助制度模式及实施效果、中外社会救助制度经费筹集及管理模式、中外社会救助制度管理体制、中外社会救助制度立法实践等为一条线,总体论述了中外社会救助制度的演进发展和完善过程、运行效果及未来发展趋势,将国内外社会救助最新的发展和完善成果体现在本文当中。通过比较分析的方法,以美国、英国、德国、新加坡、北欧五国等国家为例分析各国社会救助制度的救助对象、救助条件、救助水平及救助效果,并与中国社会救助制度作比较。通过论述和总结世界上部分典型国家社会救助制度的实施效果,分析部分国家社会救助制度的发展和完善经验对中国的启示。结合中国的具体国情,为中国社会救助制度的发展提出建设性建议。
[Abstract]:Looking at the development of social assistance systems in various countries, it is the last line of defense to ensure social stability and the minimum guarantee line for the poor to meet the minimum standard of living. First of all, the social assistance system has promoted the formation of a sense of human rights. Guarantee the basic human rights of the poor people in society, including the right to respect. Secondly, the social assistance system promotes the enhancement of the awareness of social equity. Whether in developed or developing countries, the continuous improvement of the social assistance system will be to maintain social stability, The establishment and improvement of the social assistance system is an important system for solving national poverty and, more importantly, for achieving social stability and justice. In the context of economic globalization, According to their own national conditions, countries in the world have formed their own characteristics of social assistance operation mode and institutional arrangements. The significance of the comparative analysis of the Chinese and foreign social assistance system lies in, By analyzing and discussing the experiences and lessons in the process of development and perfection of the social assistance system in foreign countries, we can grasp the overall development and perfection of the social assistance system in some typical countries in the world, combining with the background of the Chinese system and the economic background. On the basis of the social background, take the essence of the experience of the foreign social assistance system, discard the dregs and use it for us. In the process of participating in the process of economic globalization, China's social assistance system will be smoothly connected with the world. Based on the theoretical elaboration and data analysis, this paper combines the theoretical, systematic and practical characteristics of the analysis. On the basis of discussing the connotation, structure, goal and anti-poverty of the social assistance system, the paper focuses on the emergence and development of the social assistance system at home and abroad, as well as the mode and implementation effect of the social assistance system in some countries and our country. The financing and management mode of social assistance system, the management system of Chinese and foreign social assistance system, the legislative practice of Chinese and foreign social assistance system are the same line. The evolution, development and perfection process of social assistance system are discussed. Operation effect and future development trend, the latest development and perfect achievement of social assistance at home and abroad are reflected in this paper. By means of comparative analysis, the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, Singapore, the United States of America, the United Kingdom, Germany, Singapore, The five Nordic countries, for example, analyzed the object, conditions, level and effect of social assistance systems in various countries. By discussing and summarizing the effect of social assistance system in some typical countries in the world, This paper analyzes the enlightenment to China from the development and perfection experience of some countries' social assistance system, and puts forward constructive suggestions for the development of China's social assistance system in the light of the specific conditions of China.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D57

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