非政府组织的政治行为研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 04:08

本文选题：非政府组织 + 政治行为　；参考：《中共中央党校》2005年博士论文

【摘要】：非政府组织(Non—Govermental Organization,NGO)是一个十分复杂的国际社会现象。它们的出现给人类和国际社会同样造成了十分复杂的影响,这些影响有积极方面,也有消极的部分,但从宏观上观察,积极影响远远大于消极影响。由于非政府组织的活动范围十分广泛,本文研究的侧重点放在政治行为上,即非政府组织的活动或行为的客观效果指向了政治系统。对于那些与政治行为无关的议题,只有在必要时才会提及。本文第一章,首先讨论了非政府组织的含义。非政府组织的含义是多重的, 不同时期、不同国家对非政府组织有着不同的理解和称呼。从发展的历程来看, 非政府起源于世界宗教组织,但它们随着社会政治经济结构的变化,尤其公民社会的出现而不断发展强大起来。联合国是战后非政府组织发展的重要支持力量。本文第二章,本文主要研究非政府的政治行为动因。是什么因素促进了非政府组织的发展呢?概括起来,有两大动因:一个是国际因素,另一个是国内因素。在国际因素方面,全球化、全球公民社会、联合国体系对非政府组织的发展作用极大。全球化为非政府组织的活动提供了物质条件,全体公民社会则是非政府组织的社会基础,联合国体系保证了非政府组织自身及其活动的合法性。在国家因素方面,发达国家的非政府组织最为繁荣,其原因是这些国家的政治经济结构为非政府组织的存在提供了肥沃的土壤,而发展中国家的非政府在冷战结束后也逐渐繁荣起来。本文第三章,非政府组织的政治行为议题。政治行为议题包括四个部分:载军与世界和平议题、人权议题、国际人道主义援助议题、环境保护议题。从政治行为的角度,载军与世界和平议题、人权议题纯属政治范畴,人道主义援助和环保议题不完全是政治范畴,但非政府组织在解决这两项议题时常使用政治手段, 通过政治途径来达到目的,因而使得两项议题具有浓厚的政治色彩。本文第四章,探究非政府组织的政治行为模式。非政府组为了达到目标,常常跨国界活动,于是就出现跨国社会运动。跨国社会运动兴起于西方,这于西方的社会运动理论有关系。跨国社会运动的出现使得非政府组织的影响空前广泛起来,禁止地雷运动就是著名的案例。非政府组织的第二个政治行为模式是参与国
[Abstract]:NGO Non-Govermental Organization (NGO) is a very complicated interstate social phenomenon.Their emergence has also caused very complex effects to human beings and the international community. These effects have both positive and negative aspects, but from the macro point of view, the positive effects are far greater than the negative ones.Because of the wide range of activities of non-governmental organizations, the focus of this study is on political behavior, that is, the objective effect of the activities or actions of non-governmental organizations points to the political system.For issues that are not related to political action, they are raised only when necessary.In the first chapter, the meaning of NGO is discussed.The meaning of NGO is many, different countries have different understanding and appellation of NGO.From the perspective of the development process, non-governmental organizations originated from the world religious organizations, but with the changes of social political and economic structure, especially the emergence of civil society, they have been growing stronger and stronger.The United Nations was an important support for the development of non-governmental organizations after the war.In the second chapter, this paper mainly studies the political behavior of non-government.What factors promote the development of non-government organizations?To sum up, there are two main motivations: one is international factor, the other is domestic factor.In terms of international factors, globalization, global civil society, and the United Nations system play a significant role in the development of NGOs.Globalization provides material conditions for the activities of non-governmental organizations, civil society as a whole is the social foundation of non-governmental organizations, and the United Nations system guarantees the legitimacy of non-governmental organizations themselves and their activities.In terms of national factors, non-governmental organizations in developed countries are the most prosperous, because the political and economic structures of these countries provide fertile ground for the existence of non-governmental organizations,And non-government in developing countries has flourished one by one since the end of the cold war.The third chapter is about the political behavior of NGOs.Political behavior issues include four parts: military and world peace issues, human rights issues, international humanitarian aid issues, and environmental protection issues.From the point of view of political conduct, the issue of disarmament and world peace, the issue of human rights is purely political, and the issues of humanitarian assistance and environmental protection are not entirely political.However, NGOs often use political means to achieve their goals through political means in solving these two issues, which makes the two issues have a strong political color.Chapter four explores the political behavior patterns of NGOs.In order to achieve their goals, NGOs often cross-border activities, so transnational social movements occur.Transnational social movement rises in the west, which is related to the western theory of social movement.The emergence of transnational social movements has made the influence of NGOs unprecedented, and the campaign to Ban Landmines is a famous case.The second model of political behaviour for NGOs is the participating countries
【学位授予单位】：中共中央党校
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：D523

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