美国的南极政策与法律

发布时间：2018-04-27 10:24

本文选题：美国政治 + 美国法律　；参考：《美国研究》2013年01期

【摘要】：美国在南极的考察历史最久、活动范围最广,主导了1959年《南极条约》的缔结并引领了南极条约体系的走向。美国的南极政策目标是确保"积极而有影响的存在"。为此,美国建立了主管南极事务的部门框架及政策协调机制,出台了南极立法,采取了有效的执行措施。中国是南极事务的"后来者"和"非主权要求国",在南极事务上与美国有共同的利益和关切,但在参与南极事务的能力、南极政策的目标定位以及南极政策法律的制定与实施等诸多方面与美国存在较大差距。美国的南极政策与法律对我国有重要的启示。
[Abstract]:The United States has the longest history and the widest range of activities in Antarctica, which led to the conclusion of the Antarctic Treaty in 1959 and the trend of Antarctic Treaty system. America's Antarctic policy goal is to ensure a positive and influential presence. For this reason, the United States has established the department framework and policy coordination mechanism in charge of Antarctic affairs, enacted Antarctic legislation and taken effective enforcement measures. As a "latecomer" and "non-sovereign claimant" in Antarctic affairs, China shares common interests and concerns with the United States in Antarctic affairs, but has the ability to participate in Antarctic affairs. The target orientation of Antarctic policy and the formulation and implementation of Antarctic policy and law are quite different from those of the United States. American Antarctic policy and law have important enlightenment to our country.
【作者单位】：复旦大学法学院;
【基金】：笔者主持的国家哲学社会科学基金项目《我国南极权益维护的法律保障研究》(项目编号:11BFX141) 中美富布莱特项目Antarctic Governance and the US-China Cooperation Under the Antarctic Treaty System(2012~2013) 国家重大专项《南北极环境综合考察项目——极地国家利益战略评估专题》(2011~2015)之子课题《南极法律属性与南极权属的相互制约和影响》的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D771.2

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