反思非洲殖民主义遗产

发布时间：2018-06-01 17:44

本文选题：非洲发展 + 殖民主义遗产　；参考：《世界经济与政治》2013年09期

【摘要】：关于非洲发展问题,国际学术界有两种观点:内因论和外因论。内因论认为,非洲领导人要对自己国家的情况负主要责任,不要归咎于殖民主义和西方压迫。而与之相对的外因论则把非洲描绘成一个西方列强和其他外部力量压迫和阴谋的受害者。但是,由于金融危机暴露出的西方金融系统腐败和中国崛起等因素,内因论和外因论的依据已经变得站不住脚。一方面,当前国际金融危机导致了非洲的经济困境,而这种困境并非由于非洲领导人所致。事实上,由于国际金融危机,以前的非洲殖民大国正在通过培养亲西方的非洲国家领导人来追求其在非洲的战略利益,西方列强不会放弃对非洲的控制。另一方面,外因论把非洲状况归咎于殖民主义和西方压迫的观点也难以成立。因为曾经作为殖民对象的中国经过自身努力实现了崛起,这使得非洲领导人没有借口来解释为何他们资源丰富的国家仍然处于国际政治经济的底层。由此可以得出结论,西方大国通过培育非洲国家的系统性腐败谋取战略利益,内因论站不住脚;非洲领导人可以像中国那样选择突破西方控制体系而又不以追求个人私利为唯一取向,外因论也因之难以成立。因此,内因论和外因论的观点都是殖民主义遗产影响的结果。
[Abstract]:There are two points of view on the development of Africa: internal cause theory and external cause theory. The theory of internal causes says African leaders are primarily responsible for their own country, not colonialism and Western oppression. Contrastive externalism portrays Africa as a victim of oppression and conspiracy by Western powers and other external forces. However, due to the corruption of the western financial system and the rise of China, the theory of internal and external causes has become untenable. On the one hand, the current international financial crisis has led to Africa's economic woes, which are not caused by African leaders. In fact, because of the international financial crisis, the former African colonial powers are pursuing their strategic interests in Africa by training the leaders of pro-Western African countries, and the Western powers will not give up their control over Africa. On the other hand, the argument that Africa is being blamed on colonialism and Western oppression is hard to hold. Because China, once a colonial target, has risen through its own efforts, African leaders have no excuse to explain why their resource-rich countries remain at the bottom of the international political economy. From this we can draw a conclusion that the internal cause theory is not tenable by cultivating the systematic corruption of African countries to obtain strategic benefits. African leaders can choose to break through the Western control system as China does without seeking personal self-interest, which makes it difficult to establish the theory of external cause. Therefore, both internal and external causes are the result of the legacy of colonialism.
【作者单位】：北京大学国际关系学院非洲研究中心;
【分类号】：D74;D06

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