从基辅罗斯、莫斯科罗斯到彼得堡罗斯:俄国政治制度的演变

发布时间：2018-06-08 22:00

本文选题：俄国史 + 莫斯科罗斯　；参考：《陕西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2014年01期

【摘要】：俄国政治制度从基辅罗斯演变到18世纪初,可以划分为如下几个阶段:(1)基辅罗斯的"维彻君主制";(2)莫斯科罗斯的"等级代表君主制";(3)彼得堡罗斯的"绝对君主制"。在俄国,"专制君主制"是一个长时期的历史现象,它既不同于东方的"独裁君主制",也不同于西方的"绝对君主制",而有着自己独特的发展道路。俄国专制君主制是金帐汗国的传统、拜占庭的遗产、东北罗斯的地理环境三方面因素合力的结果。从伊凡三世自称"专制君主"起,专制君主制经历了等级代表君主制的发展,到彼得一世时确立了绝对君主制。但是,俄国的"等级代表君主制"和"绝对君主制"虽有与西方相近的形式,却并没有与西方相近的实质。不过,不能把俄国政治制度的演变看作专制政体的直线式发展,其间还存在着其他选择的可能性。
[Abstract]:The political system of Russia evolved from Kipoulos to the beginning of the 18th century, which can be divided into the following stages: 1) the "Vecher monarchy" of Kieboros; (2) Moscow Ross'"rank representative monarchy"; (3) the "absolute monarchy" of Petersburg. In Russia, "autocratic monarchy" is a long historical phenomenon, which is different from the "autocratic monarchy" in the East and the "absolute monarchy" in the West, and has its own unique way of development. The Russian autocratic monarchy is the result of the combination of three factors: the tradition of the Golden account and Khan Kingdom, the heritage of Byzantium and the geographical environment of Northeast Ross. Since Ivan III called himself "autocratic monarch", the autocratic monarchy experienced the development of rank representative monarchy, and the absolute monarchy was established by Peter I. However, although Russia's "rank represents monarchy" and "absolute monarchy" have similar forms with the West, they are not similar to the West in essence. However, the evolution of Russia's political system cannot be viewed as a straight-line development of autocracy, with the possibility of other options.
【作者单位】：陕西师范大学历史文化学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重大项目(11&ZD134)
【分类号】：D751.2

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