20世纪50年代末的“杰克逊小组委员会”与美国国安会机制改革

发布时间：2018-06-23 21:03

本文选题：美国国家安全委员会 + 杰克逊小组委员会　；参考：《辽宁大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2017年06期

【摘要】：20世纪50年代末,美国国会成立了"杰克逊小组委员会"。在该委员会主任——参议员杰克逊的领导下,小组委员会对美国国家安全系统,尤其是国家安全委员会的机制进行了一次系统且全面的研究。杰克逊小组委员会对艾森豪威尔政府时期的国安会系统进行了批判,提倡对其进行一次"去机制化"与"人性化"的改革,同时反对建立处于美国总统之下、白宫和内阁班子之上的"超级内阁"。小组委员会的研究成果对肯尼迪政府产生了重要影响,成为1960年国安会机制改革中的重要理论依据。一方面,经历了变革的国安会摆脱了复杂机制的桎梏,在运作上更加灵活,"现代国安会"时代由此开启;另一方面,委员会结论中蕴含的矛盾也被一同根植进美国国安会的体系中,成为日后该机构发展中的制约因素。
[Abstract]:In the late 1950 s, the United States Congress established the Jackson Sub-Committee. Under the leadership of the committee's director, Senator Jackson, the subcommittee conducted a systematic and comprehensive study of the U.S. National Security system, especially its mechanisms. Jackson's subcommittee criticized the National Security Council system during the Eisenhower administration, advocating a "deinstitutionalization" and "humanization" reform and opposing the establishment of a president under the United States. The "super cabinet" above the White House and cabinet. The research results of the Subcommittee had an important influence on the Kennedy administration and became the important theoretical basis for the reform of the National Security Council mechanism in 1960. On the one hand, the National Security Council, which has undergone change, has freed itself from the shackles of complex mechanisms and has become more flexible in its operation, thus opening the era of the "Modern National Security Council"; on the other hand, The contradictions contained in the committee's conclusions were also embedded in the NSC system as a constraint on the future development of the NSC.
【作者单位】：浙江警察学院涉外警务系;浙江大学公共管理学院;
【分类号】：D771.2

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