基于协同治理视角的广州非洲裔移民治理研究

发布时间：2018-06-26 03:09

本文选题：国际移民组织 + 协同治理　；参考：《广东外语外贸大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着中国改革开放,经济、社会发展迅速,历届中非合作论坛的成功举办,中国越来越成为非洲人民理想的“淘金国”,越来越多非洲裔移民为了实现“亚洲梦”,不远万里来到了中国。资料显示,非洲裔移民主要集中在广东广州、浙江义乌两个城市,主要从事中非进出口商品贸易。广州自古以来就是中外商贸的集散地,加上当今的“广交会”,因而聚集了大量非洲裔移民。但是,近年来媒体对非裔移民报道以负面事件居多,如《广州被黑人占领了》《广州黑人人满为患》等。特别是2009年7月广州数百名黑人冲击派出所事件、2012年6月三元里黑人聚集致交通堵塞事件后,媒体对广州非洲裔移民的负面报道不绝于耳。自2011年5月广东省颁布了《广东省外国人管理服务暂行规定》后,广州对非洲裔移民的管理更加规范和严格,负面事件也逐渐减少。因此,如何有效治理广州非洲裔移民、如何促进其融入广州,便成为政府和学界关注的焦点。2016年6月30日,中国正式成为国际移民组织(International Organization for Migration,简称IOM)的成员国。国际移民组织有着丰富的移民治理经验,其移民治理理念也得到越来越多国家认同,并在全球移民治理领域发挥越来越重要作用。中国作为国际移民组织的成员国,一方面能促进国际移民组织的发展;另一方面也能更好地借鉴外来移民治理经验,立足自身情况,走出新时期移民治理之路。在查阅国际移民组织宪章、总干事报告、理事会决议、世界移民报告等文献基础上,深入研究国际移民组织所倡导的“国际移民多元主体协同治理”理念和国际移民治理的经验。国际移民多元主体协同治理,即通过移居地区政府、社会组织、本地居民、国际移民等多元主体参与下协调治理,从而有效促进国际移民福祉的提升。通过对越秀区登峰街道的长期、定点调查,尤其是对其多元主体参与非洲裔移民治理的问卷调查及访谈,分析了广州非洲裔移民的多元主体治理情况、移民福祉提高状况等,发现广州非洲裔国际移民协同治理中仍存在“强政府、弱社会主体”的现象。为此,本文针对各主体提出切实有效的移民治理建议和对策,主要有:政府需要进一步简政放权、推出精准化的移民治理措施,社会组织服务应以需求驱动、加强服务能力建设,本地居民要转变固有观念、包容接纳移民。此研究能为广州市、乃至全国国际移民治理,提供一些理论参考。
[Abstract]:With China's reform and opening up, rapid economic and social development, and the successful holding of successive China-Africa Cooperation forums, China has increasingly become an ideal "gold country" for the African people, and more African immigrants are trying to realize the "Asian dream." He came to China thousands of miles away. Data show that African immigrants are mainly concentrated in Guangdong, Guangzhou, Zhejiang Yiwu two cities, mainly engaged in Sino-African import and export merchandise trade. Guangzhou has been the center of Chinese and foreign trade since ancient times, together with today's Canton Fair, it has gathered a large number of African immigrants. However, in recent years, the media reports on African-American immigrants are dominated by negative events, such as "Guangzhou was occupied by blacks" Guangzhou is overcrowded by blacks "and so on. Especially in July 2009, hundreds of black people stormed the police station in Guangzhou, and after the traffic jam incident in June 2012, the negative media reports on the immigrants of African descent in Guangzhou were endless. Since Guangdong Province promulgated the interim regulations on the Management of foreigners in Guangdong Province in May 2011, the management of immigrants of African descent in Guangzhou has become more standardized and strict, and the negative incidents have been gradually reduced. Therefore, how to effectively manage and promote the integration of African immigrants in Guangzhou has become the focus of attention of the government and scholars. On June 30, 2016, China officially became a member of the International Organization for Migration (IOM). The International Organization for Migration (IOM) has rich experience in immigration governance, and its concept of migration governance is recognized by more and more countries, and it plays an increasingly important role in the field of global migration governance. China, as a member of the International Organization for Migration (IOM), on the one hand can promote the development of IOM, on the other hand, it can learn better from the experience of immigration governance, base itself on its own situation, and walk out the road of immigration governance in the new period. On the basis of reference to documents such as the Charter of the International Organization for Migration, the report of the Director-General, the resolutions of the Board of Governors, the World Migration report, This paper deeply studies the concept of "multi-agent cooperative governance of international migration" advocated by IOM and the experience of international migration governance. The cooperative governance of international migrants is to promote the well-being of international migrants effectively through coordinated governance with the participation of local governments, social organizations, local residents, international migrants and so on. Through the long-term, fixed-point investigation of Dengfeng Street in Yuexiu District, especially the questionnaire survey and interview on the participation of multiple subjects in the governance of African immigrants, this paper analyzes the situation of multi-subject governance of immigrants of African descent in Guangzhou, and the improvement of the well-being of migrants, etc. It is found that there still exists the phenomenon of "strong government and weak social subject" in the cooperative governance of international migrants of African descent in Guangzhou. For this reason, this paper puts forward practical and effective suggestions and countermeasures for various subjects on immigration governance. The main measures are: the government needs to further simplify the administration of power, the introduction of precise measures of immigration governance, social organization services should be demand-driven, To strengthen service capacity building, local residents should change their attitudes and accept immigrants. This study can provide some theoretical reference for the governance of Guangzhou and even the whole country.
【学位授予单位】：广东外语外贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D523.8

【参考文献】