“历史距离感”视角下的十月革命——兼论俄中两国革命之异同
发布时间：2018-08-13 18:36
【摘要】：1917年,在俄国历史上是不平常的一年。先是二月革命的风暴推翻了沙皇专制统治,刚建立的国家结构和社会结构还来不及喘一口气,十月革命又把一个更新的国家结构和社会结构给了俄国。这两次性质迥异的革命浓缩在八个月间,在世界历史上是十分罕见的。此前,1911年10月,中国发生了辛亥革命,推翻了清朝帝制,结束了长达数千年的封建统治。反观中国的两次革命,从辛亥革命到新中国成立,走过整整38年;中国共产党独立领导的新民主主义革命取得胜利,也经历22年艰苦卓绝的斗争。从时间距离看,中国两次革命的进程比俄国两次革命要长得多,也曲折得多。这就使历史发展丰富和复杂的内涵充分展现出来,并对革命理论的建构、革命队伍的历练、革命战略策略的运用,以及革命胜利后的发展道路,产生重大的影响。当然,历史距离长短不是由一个政党的主观意志决定的,也不是衡量一个革命运动利弊得失的主要标志。这种比较只是提供一个视角,说明历史距离的长短与革命进程的发展是密切相关的。革命党人要自觉地意识到这一点。
[Abstract]:1917 was an unusual year in Russian history. First, the storm of the February Revolution overthrew the czar despotism, and the newly established state and social structure did not have time to breathe, and the October Revolution gave Russia a new state and social structure. These two disparate revolutions, condensed in eight months, are rare in world history. Earlier, in October 1911, the Revolution of 1911 overthrew the Qing dynasty, ending thousands of years of feudal rule. On the other hand, the two revolutions in China, from the Revolution of 1911 to the founding of New China, have been going on for 38 years, and the victory of the New Democratic Revolution led by the Communist Party of China has also experienced 22 years of arduous struggle. Over time, China's two revolutions are much longer and more tortuous than Russia's. This makes the rich and complex connotation of historical development fully unfold, and has a great influence on the construction of revolutionary theory, the experience of revolutionary troops, the application of revolutionary strategy and strategy, and the road of development after the victory of revolution. Of course, the length of history is not determined by the subjective will of a political party, nor is it a major indicator of the pros and cons of a revolutionary movement. This comparison only provides a perspective that the length of the historical distance is closely related to the development of the revolutionary process. The revolutionaries must be conscious of this.
【作者单位】： 华东师范大学政治学系;
【分类号】：D239;D751.2
[Abstract]:1917 was an unusual year in Russian history. First, the storm of the February Revolution overthrew the czar despotism, and the newly established state and social structure did not have time to breathe, and the October Revolution gave Russia a new state and social structure. These two disparate revolutions, condensed in eight months, are rare in world history. Earlier, in October 1911, the Revolution of 1911 overthrew the Qing dynasty, ending thousands of years of feudal rule. On the other hand, the two revolutions in China, from the Revolution of 1911 to the founding of New China, have been going on for 38 years, and the victory of the New Democratic Revolution led by the Communist Party of China has also experienced 22 years of arduous struggle. Over time, China's two revolutions are much longer and more tortuous than Russia's. This makes the rich and complex connotation of historical development fully unfold, and has a great influence on the construction of revolutionary theory, the experience of revolutionary troops, the application of revolutionary strategy and strategy, and the road of development after the victory of revolution. Of course, the length of history is not determined by the subjective will of a political party, nor is it a major indicator of the pros and cons of a revolutionary movement. This comparison only provides a perspective that the length of the historical distance is closely related to the development of the revolutionary process. The revolutionaries must be conscious of this.
【作者单位】： 华东师范大学政治学系;
【分类号】：D239;D751.2
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