区域公共产品视域下的朝鲜与东北亚合作研究

发布时间：2018-08-17 20:01

【摘要】：本文的主旨是借助区域公共产品理论,分析朝鲜加入东北亚区域合作的动力、必要性与可能性。冷战结束后,经济全球化、市场化下的区域竞争的加剧、区域公共问题的大量兴起,使得区域公共产品理论研究日益凸现。区域公共产品理论是研究和解释地区合作和地区一体化趋势的一个新的理论视角。在国际公共产品供给不足的地区,由域内国家联合起来对适用于本地区、服务于本地区的相关区域公共产品进行筹措、融资和管理的办法,将是今后国际关系中的一大趋势。区域公共产品的政策含义在于,国家可以通过为公共产品承担一定的成本而不是“搭便车”的做法,来分享地区机制建设的收益。东北亚是当今国际体系中最重要的地区之一。目前,中日韩作为东北亚地区的经济大国,相互之间已经成为重要的贸易和投资伙伴,日益密切的经济联系推动中日韩进一步加强在政治、经济、文化等领域的合作。然而东北亚区域合作进展极为缓慢,导致这种局面的原因包括许多历史和现实因素的限制,朝鲜无疑是东北业区域合作的薄弱环节和问题的关键所在。从安全结构上看,南北双方比例失衡。南方的美日韩同盟不但继续维持,还有加强的趋势。美日韩对朝关系的定位仍然处于敌视的状态,美国不仅没有解除对朝鲜的封锁和遏制,而且试图将朝鲜边缘化。从朝核问题看,前途未卜,甚至可能是引发另一场战争的导火索。从经济上看,朝鲜经济沉疴难返。由于频繁的自然灾害,外加经济体制的缺陷,使朝鲜连年来粮食短缺、外债加剧,经济发展乏力。朝鲜严峻形势的外溢造成了对东北亚地区的负外部性。这种负外部性问题不解决或者解决得不好,东北业地区的安全隐患就不会消除,也很难做到真正意义上的合作和一体化。这就要求东北亚区域各国必须考虑朝鲜的存在,通过适当的手段和方式,让朝鲜参与到区域合作中,在区域经济合作中缓解朝鲜的经济困难,化解矛盾和消除冲突,消除朝鲜对外部世界的疑虑,进而使其尽快融入国际社会,遵守国际规范,成为正常国家。因此,本论文将东北亚一体化作为一个既定目标,试图从朝鲜是东北亚区域合作的重要参与者这一角度,通过对朝鲜内外政策和东北业区域合作现状的梳理,分析朝鲜参与东北亚区域合作的必要性和可能性,并最终找出符合东北亚区域现实的朝鲜与东北亚区域合作模式,以期解决朝鲜半岛的紧张局势。根据上述基本思路,本文的主体分为两大部分：一是理论阐述。主要阐述区域公共产品理论的四个核心命题：1、区域公共产品提供的动力：行为体负外部性的治理；2、区域公共产品提供的必要性：区域合作与短板效应；3、区域公共产品提供的可能性：合作参与国的能力和意愿；4、区域公共产品提供方式：合作机制与机构。二是理论应用。把区域公共产品理论应用于朝鲜加入东北亚区域合作这一实践课题,从“公共产品的缺失与朝鲜问题的负外部性、区域公共产品的必要性与朝鲜的对外合作、区域公共产品的可能性与朝鲜的对外合作”三个角度讨论朝鲜参与东北亚区域合作的动力、必要性与可能性。
[Abstract]:The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the motivation, necessity and possibility of DPRK's accession to Northeast Asia regional cooperation by means of regional public goods theory.
After the cold war, with the economic globalization, the aggravation of regional competition under the market economy and the rise of a large number of regional public issues, the study of regional public goods theory has become increasingly prominent. The policy implication of regional public goods is that the state can bear a certain cost for the public goods rather than a free rider. In order to share the benefits of regional mechanism construction.
Northeast Asia is one of the most important regions in the current international system. At present, China, Japan and South Korea, as the economic powers in Northeast Asia, have become important trade and investment partners with each other. The increasingly close economic ties promote China, Japan and South Korea to further strengthen cooperation in the political, economic, cultural and other fields. However, the progress of regional cooperation in Northeast Asia. North Korea is undoubtedly the weak link and the key to the problem of regional cooperation in Northeast China. In terms of security structure, the ratio between North and South is unbalanced. The US has not lifted its blockade and containment of the DPRK, but has tried to marginalize the DPRK. Looking at the DPRK's nuclear issue, the future is uncertain and may even be the trigger of another war. Economically, the DPRK's economy is still in a state of hostility. In recent years, the shortage of grain, the aggravation of foreign debt and the weakness of economic development have resulted in the negative externality to Northeast Asia. If this negative externality problem is not solved or solved properly, the security risks in Northeast China will not be eliminated, and it will be difficult to achieve cooperation and integration in a real sense. Countries in the subregion must consider the existence of DPRK, let DPRK participate in regional cooperation through appropriate means and means, ease its economic difficulties, resolve contradictions and eliminate conflicts, dispel its doubts about the outside world, and then integrate it into the international community as soon as possible, abide by international norms and become a normal country.
Therefore, this paper regards the integration of Northeast Asia as a fixed goal, tries to find out the necessity and possibility of DPRK's participation in Northeast Asia regional cooperation from the point of view that DPRK is an important participant in Northeast Asia regional cooperation, through combing the DPRK's internal and external policies and the status quo of Northeast industry regional cooperation, and finally finds out the Northeast Asia region in line with DPRK's participation. According to the above-mentioned basic ideas, the main body of this paper is divided into two parts: one is theoretical elaboration. It mainly expounds four core propositions of regional public goods theory: 1. the motive power of regional public goods: the governance of negative externalities of actors; The necessity of regional public goods supply: regional cooperation and short board effect; 3. the possibility of regional public goods supply: the ability and willingness of cooperative participants; 4. the mode of regional public goods supply: cooperative mechanism and institutions; 2. the application of the theory of regional public goods. This paper discusses the motivation, necessity and possibility of DPRK's participation in Northeast Asia regional cooperation from three perspectives: the lack of public goods and the negative externality of the DPRK issue, the necessity of regional public goods and DPRK's external cooperation, and the possibility of regional public goods and DPRK's external cooperation.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D731

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