公共制度与经济转型——印度的经验、教训与启示

发布时间：2018-10-18 14:22

【摘要】：印度独立之时所建构的公共制度,深刻地影响到印度经济的转型与增长。以法治为特征的现代治理结构,为经济转型与增长提供了稳定的心理预期与制度支持,市场化改革增进经济活力,提高全要素生产率,直接促进了经济转型与长期增长,而保留政策则加剧了社会碎片化,对公共治理和经济增长构成严峻挑战。借鉴印度的经验教训,要实现中国经济的转型,经济增长从依靠增加要素投入转为依靠提高全要素生产率,至少要考虑从三个方面着手:第一,建立以法治为特征的现代治理结构,为经济转型提供稳定的心理预期和制度支持;第二,稳步推进市场化改革,使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用,同时更好地发挥政府的应有职能,这是中国经济转型的关键;第三,珍视并维系社会的同质性,促进社会各阶层的合理流动,避免因阶层固化而出现印度式的"社会碎片化"。
[Abstract]:The public system constructed at the time of India's independence had a profound impact on the transformation and growth of India's economy. The modern governance structure, characterized by the rule of law, provides stable psychological expectation and institutional support for economic transformation and growth, and market-oriented reform promotes economic vitality and total factor productivity, and directly promotes economic transformation and long-term growth. Retention policy, on the other hand, exacerbates social fragmentation and poses severe challenges to public governance and economic growth. Learn from India's experience and lessons, to achieve the transformation of China's economy, economic growth from relying on increased factor input to rely on total factor productivity, at least consider from three aspects: first, To establish a modern governance structure characterized by the rule of law, to provide stable psychological expectations and institutional support for economic transformation; second, to steadily promote market-oriented reform so that the market plays a decisive role in the allocation of resources. At the same time, it is the key of China's economic transformation to give full play to the proper functions of the government. Third, to cherish and maintain the homogeneity of the society, to promote the rational flow of all social strata, and to avoid the emergence of "social fragmentation" of the Indian style because of the solidification of the social strata.
【作者单位】：四川大学经济学院;成都市委党校;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目《制度红利与经济转型:印度的经验;教训与启示》(批号:12BJL052) 四川大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目《要素积累与制度红利:印度的经验及其对中国长期经济增长的启示》(批号:skqy201111)
【分类号】：D735.1;D630;F135.1

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