寻求专业性与政治性的互动及平衡——中美专家参与决策的价值取向

发布时间：2018-11-04 12:15

【摘要】：专家参与决策的本质是如何处理知识和政治之间的关系,背后包含着专业性和政治性双重价值取向。专业性和政治性价值之间存在着内在的张力。中国专家参与决策的价值取向相继经历了专业性和政治性的相对独立、专业性对政治性的相对从属、专业性和政治性相对分离、在专业性和政治性之间摇摆、意识形态主导下的政治挂帅、专业性和政治性互动的历史演变。美国专家参与决策的价值取向的历史发展,则大致经历了专业性价值取向的崇尚、政治性价值取向的主导、专业性价值取向的勃兴、政治性价值取向的回潮、政治性和专业性价值取向共同发展的历史变迁。比较中美专家参与决策的价值取向,二者的共同之处在于:政治性价值对专业性价值的发挥具有重要的外在影响,专业性价值为政治性价值取向的发展提供了信誉支撑,本质在于寻求专业性和政治性的互动及平衡;二者的不同之处在于:专家参与决策在中国体现为总体性政治下的专业理性,而美国体现为多元政治下的专业实践。总体而言,未来实现专业性和政治性互动及平衡,需要突出专家参与决策的诚实代理人角色,推动思想市场形成,并为信息沟通提供制度化支撑。
[Abstract]:The essence of expert participation in decision-making is how to deal with the relationship between knowledge and politics. There is an inherent tension between professionalism and political values. The value orientation of Chinese experts' participation in decision-making has experienced the relative independence of professionalism and politics, the relative subordination of professionalism to politics, the relative separation of professionalism and politics, and the swing between professionalism and politics. The historical evolution of political leadership, professionalism and political interaction under ideology. The historical development of the value orientation of American experts' participation in decision-making has generally experienced the advocating of professional value orientation, the leading of political value orientation, the flourishing of professional value orientation, and the revival of political value orientation. The historical change of political and professional value orientation. Comparing the value orientation of the participation of Chinese and American experts in decision-making, their common points are that the political value has an important external influence on the exertion of the professional value, and the professional value provides the credit support for the development of the political value orientation. The essence is to seek professional and political interaction and balance; The difference between the two is that the participation of experts in decision-making is the professional rationality under the overall politics in China and the professional practice in the United States under the pluralistic politics. In general, in order to achieve professional and political interaction and balance in the future, it is necessary to highlight the honest agent role of experts in decision-making, promote the formation of ideological market, and provide institutional support for information communication.
【作者单位】：湖南大学法学院;湘潭大学公共管理学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目“中国特色协商民主过程中的公民有序参与研究”(15KS066)的研究成果
【分类号】：D621.5;D771.2

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