当代俄罗斯黑海地缘战略环境研究
发布时间：2018-11-28 19:55
【摘要】：黑海地区是俄罗斯重要的战略出口和战略据点之一。研究俄罗斯在黑海的地缘战略环境是具有意义的课题。本文从历史背景、外来势力对俄罗斯黑海地缘战略空间的挤压、地区内因素对俄黑海地缘战略的干扰、黑海地区复杂宗教文明对俄罗斯的困扰以及俄国在黑海能源问题上的利弊等方面,分析研究俄罗斯在黑海地缘战略环境。 历史上,自彼得一世起,俄罗斯加剧了在黑海的争夺。与土耳其夺取黑海北岸及出海口、染指巴尔干、控制黑海出海口,成了沙皇俄国的战略目标。苏联解体后,黑海沿岸国家由4国变成6国,黑海由俄罗斯和土耳其主导的局面也相应改变,这导致俄罗斯在黑海地区的地缘战略环境发生重大负面的变化。首先,俄罗斯在黑海难寻盟友,日显孤立。独立后的乌克兰和格鲁吉亚逐渐疏离俄罗斯而偏向西方。北约成员国土耳其,积极寻求加入欧盟。已成为欧盟、北约成员国的罗马尼亚和保加利亚为实现本国黑海利益最大化,在俄罗斯和西方之间寻找平衡。其次,北约、欧盟东扩不断压缩俄罗斯的战略空间。美国积极介入黑海事务极大影响了俄国在黑海的地缘战略形势。此外,西方宗教文明、伊斯兰文明和东正教文明在黑海地区交汇并存,进一步加深了俄国在该地区地缘战略处境的复杂性。这些因素导致俄罗斯在黑海地区陷入前所未有的困境,国家安全面临严峻挑战。 在上述不利的地缘战略处境中,俄罗斯借助黑海经济合作组织,整合黑海地区资源,努力发挥重要作用;利用能源武器在黑海地区实行能源外交,积极扩大自身影响;发挥东正教—斯拉夫文明在黑海地区的主导作用。
[Abstract]:The Black Sea region is one of Russia's important strategic exports and strategic strongholds. It is significant to study the geostrategic environment of Russia in the Black Sea. This article from the historical background, foreign forces on the Russian Black Sea geo-strategic space squeeze, regional factors on the Russian Black Sea geo-strategic interference, This paper analyzes and studies Russia's geo-strategic environment in the Black Sea from the aspects of the complex religious civilization in the Black Sea and the advantages and disadvantages of Russia's energy problems in the Black Sea. Historically, since Peter I, Russia has intensified competition in the Black Sea. The strategic goal of the Czar Russia was to seize the northern shore and the sea mouth of the Black Sea with Turkey, to gain access to the Balkans, and to control the sea mouth of the Black Sea. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Black Sea coastal countries changed from four to six, and the situation of the Black Sea dominated by Russia and Turkey changed accordingly, which led to significant negative changes in Russia's geo-strategic environment in the Black Sea region. First, Russia is increasingly isolated from the difficulty of finding allies on the Black Sea. After independence, Ukraine and Georgia moved away from Russia in favour of the West. NATO member Turkey has actively sought to join the EU. Already the EU, NATO member Romania and Bulgaria seek a balance between Russia and the West to maximize their Black Sea interests. Secondly, NATO and EU's eastward expansion have continuously compressed Russia's strategic space. The active involvement of the United States in Black Sea affairs has greatly affected Russia's geostrategic situation in the Black Sea. In addition, Western religious civilization, Islamic civilization and Eastern Orthodox civilization coexist in the Black Sea region, further deepening the complexity of Russia's geo-strategic situation in the region. These factors have led to unprecedented difficulties in the Black Sea region and serious national security challenges. In the unfavorable geo-strategic situation mentioned above, Russia, with the help of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation Organization, integrates the resources of the Black Sea region and makes great efforts to play an important role, using energy weapons to carry out energy diplomacy in the Black Sea region and actively expand its own influence; Give play to the leading role of Orthodox-Slavic civilization in the Black Sea region.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D751.2
本文编号：2364096
[Abstract]:The Black Sea region is one of Russia's important strategic exports and strategic strongholds. It is significant to study the geostrategic environment of Russia in the Black Sea. This article from the historical background, foreign forces on the Russian Black Sea geo-strategic space squeeze, regional factors on the Russian Black Sea geo-strategic interference, This paper analyzes and studies Russia's geo-strategic environment in the Black Sea from the aspects of the complex religious civilization in the Black Sea and the advantages and disadvantages of Russia's energy problems in the Black Sea. Historically, since Peter I, Russia has intensified competition in the Black Sea. The strategic goal of the Czar Russia was to seize the northern shore and the sea mouth of the Black Sea with Turkey, to gain access to the Balkans, and to control the sea mouth of the Black Sea. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Black Sea coastal countries changed from four to six, and the situation of the Black Sea dominated by Russia and Turkey changed accordingly, which led to significant negative changes in Russia's geo-strategic environment in the Black Sea region. First, Russia is increasingly isolated from the difficulty of finding allies on the Black Sea. After independence, Ukraine and Georgia moved away from Russia in favour of the West. NATO member Turkey has actively sought to join the EU. Already the EU, NATO member Romania and Bulgaria seek a balance between Russia and the West to maximize their Black Sea interests. Secondly, NATO and EU's eastward expansion have continuously compressed Russia's strategic space. The active involvement of the United States in Black Sea affairs has greatly affected Russia's geostrategic situation in the Black Sea. In addition, Western religious civilization, Islamic civilization and Eastern Orthodox civilization coexist in the Black Sea region, further deepening the complexity of Russia's geo-strategic situation in the region. These factors have led to unprecedented difficulties in the Black Sea region and serious national security challenges. In the unfavorable geo-strategic situation mentioned above, Russia, with the help of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation Organization, integrates the resources of the Black Sea region and makes great efforts to play an important role, using energy weapons to carry out energy diplomacy in the Black Sea region and actively expand its own influence; Give play to the leading role of Orthodox-Slavic civilization in the Black Sea region.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D751.2
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2 叶自成;;从大历史观看地缘政治[J];现代国际关系;2007年06期
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