美国穆斯林的信仰实践与社会整合
发布时间：2019-01-20 20:20
【摘要】：本文综合运用调查问卷、深度访谈、参与观察和文献法,对美国穆斯林的信仰实践和社会整合进行了全面研究。 论文首先对美国穆斯林的历史、人口、教派、族群特点、社会组织进行了介绍,并着重分析研究了9·11事件对穆斯林社区的冲击与影响,接着较为深入地研究了美国穆斯林在信仰实践方面的行为、态度和观念,并考察了影响美国穆斯林信仰实践的性别、族群、教派和年龄因素,总结了美国穆斯林在信仰实践方面的性别、族群、教派和年龄特点,较为细致、全面地描绘了美国穆斯林信仰与实践的现实图景。然后,论文围绕评价美国穆斯林社会整合的指标体系,进行了分析、比较和总结,并通过回溯美国穆斯林社会整合的历史进程,揭示了美国穆斯林社会整合的时代特点和未来趋势。同时分析了制约美国穆斯林社会整合的内部和外部因素,指出美国穆斯林尽管达到了较高的整合程度,但是由于受到多重因素的影响,这一过程不会一帆风顺,甚至在国际、国内问题的交互影响下,在某些时段或局部地区面临严峻挑战。这不仅需要美国穆斯林积极寻求应对策略,一如既往地坚持整合战略,而主流社会也要不断反省、检视自己是否真正体现了自由、平等、公正的美国价值,切实坚持文化多元主义,与宗教少数群体一道追求美国价值的发扬光大。论文最后一章是对美国穆斯林社会整合模式的一种提炼和探讨。发现美国穆斯林的社会整合体现了文化涵化的趋同原理,即宗教少数群体在宗教观念、行为和态度方面会呈现出以主流宗教和主流文化为参照物的趋同现象,同时美国穆斯林对经典、历史事件、历史人物进行了有时代价值的重新诠释和解读,这些努力不仅有助于美国穆斯林的社会整合,而且对其它国家的穆斯林理解宗教认同、国家认同和伊斯兰教的现代化也有一定的启发意义。 论文强调,美国穆斯林的社会整合目前面临的最大障碍就是美国社会民间舆论中所设定的“美国人”认同的宗教边界。美国的选举政治为政客迎合民间舆论提供了可能。由于一部分基督教领袖对伊斯兰教的敌意,也由于美国在穆斯林国家存在复杂的利益纠葛,伊斯兰教和穆斯林成为媒体关注的焦点,美国穆斯林也不时地被抛向美国舆论的风尖浪口,承受着巨大的压力。尽管如此,由于美国宪法对宗教信仰自由的保护以及美国的法制传统,美国穆斯林不仅对当下的生存现状表示满意,对伊斯兰教在美国的前景也表示积极和乐观。 由于论文将美国穆斯林的宗教认同、民族认同、国家认同、社会整合等相互关联、又有各自特色的问题糅合在一个研究主题当中,故而具备了多重层面的意义和价值。通过对美国穆斯林社区的经验研究,归纳美国穆斯林社区的信仰实践和社会整合特点,总结美国穆斯林文化适应和社会调适的经验,梳理国家、宗教和民族之间的关系脉络,概括美国在处理宗教问题方面的理念和方法,不仅为美国穆斯林社区认识自我提供有意义的研究发现,帮助美国主流社会理解穆斯林社区和进行自我检讨,也为我国的民族、宗教管理工作提供经验,还为国家认同、宗教认同和民族认同的理论探索提供实证研究的案例。
[Abstract]:This paper comprehensively studies the faith practice and social integration of American Muslims by using the questionnaire, the depth interview, the participation observation and the literature method. The paper introduces the history, the population, the sect, the ethnic group and the social organization of the American Muslims, and analyzes the impact and influence of the September 11 events on the Muslim community, and then studies the American Muslims in the practice of faith. The gender, ethnic, religious and age factors that affect the practice of American Muslim faith have been investigated, and the gender, ethnic, religious and age characteristics of American Muslims in the practice of faith are summarized. A detailed and comprehensive picture of the reality of American Muslim faith and practice Then, the paper analyzes, compares and summarizes the index system of the American Muslim society, and reveals the time features and future of the whole American Muslim society by backtracking the historical process of American Muslim society. At the same time, the internal and external factors that restrict the unity of the American Muslim community are analyzed, and it is pointed out that the American Muslims have reached a higher degree of integration, but because of the influence of the multiple factors, this process will not be smooth, even in the international and domestic issues. in response, a severe face is face in some time or in that local area The challenge is not only to the American Muslims to actively seek to deal with the strategy, to adhere to the strategy as always, and to reflect on the mainstream society to see if they really embody the American values of freedom, equality and justice, and to persist in the cultural diversity. The pursuit of the value of the United States together with religious minorities. The final chapter of the paper is a refined and refined model of American Muslim society. It is found that the social integration of the American Muslims reflects the convergence of the culture and the culture, that is, the religious minorities will show the convergence of the mainstream religion and the mainstream culture in the aspects of the religious idea, the behavior and the attitude, while the American Muslims are the classic and the history. The events and historical figures have the reinterpretation and interpretation of the value of the times, which not only contribute to the social integration of the American Muslims but also to understand the religious identity, the national identity and the modernization of Islam in other countries. The paper stresses that the biggest obstacle to the social integration of American Muslims is the 鈥淎merican鈥，
本文编号：2412365
[Abstract]:This paper comprehensively studies the faith practice and social integration of American Muslims by using the questionnaire, the depth interview, the participation observation and the literature method. The paper introduces the history, the population, the sect, the ethnic group and the social organization of the American Muslims, and analyzes the impact and influence of the September 11 events on the Muslim community, and then studies the American Muslims in the practice of faith. The gender, ethnic, religious and age factors that affect the practice of American Muslim faith have been investigated, and the gender, ethnic, religious and age characteristics of American Muslims in the practice of faith are summarized. A detailed and comprehensive picture of the reality of American Muslim faith and practice Then, the paper analyzes, compares and summarizes the index system of the American Muslim society, and reveals the time features and future of the whole American Muslim society by backtracking the historical process of American Muslim society. At the same time, the internal and external factors that restrict the unity of the American Muslim community are analyzed, and it is pointed out that the American Muslims have reached a higher degree of integration, but because of the influence of the multiple factors, this process will not be smooth, even in the international and domestic issues. in response, a severe face is face in some time or in that local area The challenge is not only to the American Muslims to actively seek to deal with the strategy, to adhere to the strategy as always, and to reflect on the mainstream society to see if they really embody the American values of freedom, equality and justice, and to persist in the cultural diversity. The pursuit of the value of the United States together with religious minorities. The final chapter of the paper is a refined and refined model of American Muslim society. It is found that the social integration of the American Muslims reflects the convergence of the culture and the culture, that is, the religious minorities will show the convergence of the mainstream religion and the mainstream culture in the aspects of the religious idea, the behavior and the attitude, while the American Muslims are the classic and the history. The events and historical figures have the reinterpretation and interpretation of the value of the times, which not only contribute to the social integration of the American Muslims but also to understand the religious identity, the national identity and the modernization of Islam in other countries. The paper stresses that the biggest obstacle to the social integration of American Muslims is the 鈥淎merican鈥，
本文编号：2412365
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