选举主义中的道义经济学:论菲律宾和泰国民粹主义的兴起
发布时间：2019-03-25 21:09
【摘要】：在菲律宾和泰国,关于民主存在着两种截然不同的语境:一种是在国家精英层面上痛斥"买选票"式的选举腐败;一种则是在地方实践中,对政客的评价主要是基于其在多大程度上使选民社区受益,并保障了当地贫民的权益。这种以弱势人群社区为基础的共生投票行为可被称为"选举主义道义经济学"。随着菲律宾总统约瑟夫·埃斯特拉达(Joseph E.Estrada)和泰国总理他信·西那瓦(Thaksin Shinawatra)治下民粹主义的兴起,之前隐藏在民间的选举道义经济学逻辑逐渐走到了台前,直接挑战两国精英的话语权。尽管拥有下层人民忠实有力的支持,这两人最后均因涉嫌贪腐而被迫下台。在菲律宾,阿基诺三世(Benigno S.Aquino III)作为精英改革者的成功掌权标志着民粹主义的式微,却也带来了新威权主义的抬头。在泰国,他信雄厚的选民基础迫使精英阶层求助于军队,期望借军事政变和宪政改革推迟选举,从而消减他信的影响。这表明选举主义道义经济学的民主逻辑在泰国已经扩散到国家层面,成为了一股强大势力。
[Abstract]:In the Philippines and Thailand, there are two distinct contexts for democracy: one is the denunciation of "vote-buying"-style electoral corruption at the level of national elites; One is that in local practice, politicians are judged mainly on the extent to which they benefit the voter community and protect the rights and interests of the local poor. This kind of symbiotic voting based on the vulnerable community can be called "electionalism moral economics". With the rise of populism under Philippine President Joseph Estrada (Joseph E.Estrada) and Thai Prime Minister Thaksin (Thaksin Shinawatra), the moral and economic logic of elections, previously hidden among the people, has gradually come to the fore. Directly challenge the voice of the elites of the two countries. Despite the loyal and strong support of the lower classes, both were eventually forced to step down on suspicion of corruption. In the Philippines, the success of Benigno S.Aquino III as an elite reformer marked the decline of populism but also the rise of new authoritarianism. In Thailand, Mr. Thaksin's strong voter base has forced the elite to turn to the military in hopes of delaying elections through military coups and constitutional reforms, thereby reducing Mr. Thaksin's influence. This shows that the democratic logic of electoral moral economics has spread to the national level and become a powerful force in Thailand.
【作者单位】： 香港城市大学东南亚研究中心;
【分类号】：D733.6;D734.1
本文编号：2447320
[Abstract]:In the Philippines and Thailand, there are two distinct contexts for democracy: one is the denunciation of "vote-buying"-style electoral corruption at the level of national elites; One is that in local practice, politicians are judged mainly on the extent to which they benefit the voter community and protect the rights and interests of the local poor. This kind of symbiotic voting based on the vulnerable community can be called "electionalism moral economics". With the rise of populism under Philippine President Joseph Estrada (Joseph E.Estrada) and Thai Prime Minister Thaksin (Thaksin Shinawatra), the moral and economic logic of elections, previously hidden among the people, has gradually come to the fore. Directly challenge the voice of the elites of the two countries. Despite the loyal and strong support of the lower classes, both were eventually forced to step down on suspicion of corruption. In the Philippines, the success of Benigno S.Aquino III as an elite reformer marked the decline of populism but also the rise of new authoritarianism. In Thailand, Mr. Thaksin's strong voter base has forced the elite to turn to the military in hopes of delaying elections through military coups and constitutional reforms, thereby reducing Mr. Thaksin's influence. This shows that the democratic logic of electoral moral economics has spread to the national level and become a powerful force in Thailand.
【作者单位】： 香港城市大学东南亚研究中心;
【分类号】：D733.6;D734.1
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