二战后东欧国家社会发展模式的变迁
发布时间：2019-07-10 11:40
【摘要】：谈到东欧,人们的第一反应也许就是发生在上世纪90年代末的东欧剧变。这是一场名副其实的世界政治大地震,震垮了苏联东欧社会主义体系。原苏东地区的所有国家开始踏上了由苏联模式向西方模式的转轨之路。东欧国家天真地以为只要破除苏联模式这个给他们带来一切痛苦的罪魁祸首,选择适合东欧政治、经济和文化的西方模式,所有的问题都可以迎刃而解了。其实事情远没有这么简单。转轨的确为缓解东欧各国的政治、经济和社会矛盾带来了一定的帮助,但不能否认的是,转轨的过程中仍存在着诸多的问题。面对两种社会发展模式给东欧带来的各自问题时,探究引发这些问题的深层次的共同原因就显得尤为重要了。 本文除前言部分共分四大部分。第一部分分析了东欧二战前的发展状况、选择苏联模式的原因,以及苏联模式对东欧的消极影响和由此产生的危机与改革。第二部分主要叙述的是东欧剧变由此启动了东欧回归欧洲的旅程,其中分析了东欧对西方模式情有独钟的原因,从政治、经济、外交和思想四个方面向西方靠拢。第三部分对东欧国家转轨以来的现状、存在的问题和产生问题的原因进行了论述。第四部分是本文的重点,所有之前对二战后东欧历史事件的梳理都是为了得出两种发展模式在东欧的实行给人们的共通启示,给出解决东欧未来发展道路上可能存在的问题的一些积极应对之策。
[Abstract]:When it comes to Eastern Europe, the first reaction may have been the upheaval in Eastern Europe in the late 1990 s. It was a truly world political earthquake that devastated the Soviet Union's eastern European socialist system. All the countries in the former Soviet Union began to embark on the transition from the Soviet model to the western model. Eastern European countries naively think that as long as they break the Soviet model, the culprit that has caused them all the pain, and choose the Western model suitable for Eastern European politics, economy and culture, all the problems can be solved. In fact, things are far from that simple. The transition has indeed brought some help to alleviate the political, economic and social contradictions in Eastern European countries, but it can not be denied that there are still many problems in the process of transition. In the face of the respective problems brought by the two social development models to Eastern Europe, it is particularly important to explore the deep common causes of these problems. In addition to the preface, this paper is divided into four parts. The first part analyzes the development of Eastern Europe before World War II, the reasons for the choice of Soviet model, as well as the negative impact of Soviet model on Eastern Europe and the resulting crisis and reform. The second part mainly describes the upheaval of Eastern Europe, which initiated the journey of Eastern Europe back to Europe, in which it analyzes the reasons why Eastern Europe has a special preference for the western model, and draws closer to the West from four aspects: politics, economy, diplomacy and thought. The third part discusses the present situation, existing problems and causes of problems in Eastern European countries since the transition. The fourth part is the focus of this paper. All the previous combing of the historical events in Eastern Europe after World War II is to get the common enlightenment of the implementation of the two development models in Eastern Europe, and to give some positive countermeasures to solve the possible problems in the future development of Eastern Europe.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D751
本文编号：2512578
[Abstract]:When it comes to Eastern Europe, the first reaction may have been the upheaval in Eastern Europe in the late 1990 s. It was a truly world political earthquake that devastated the Soviet Union's eastern European socialist system. All the countries in the former Soviet Union began to embark on the transition from the Soviet model to the western model. Eastern European countries naively think that as long as they break the Soviet model, the culprit that has caused them all the pain, and choose the Western model suitable for Eastern European politics, economy and culture, all the problems can be solved. In fact, things are far from that simple. The transition has indeed brought some help to alleviate the political, economic and social contradictions in Eastern European countries, but it can not be denied that there are still many problems in the process of transition. In the face of the respective problems brought by the two social development models to Eastern Europe, it is particularly important to explore the deep common causes of these problems. In addition to the preface, this paper is divided into four parts. The first part analyzes the development of Eastern Europe before World War II, the reasons for the choice of Soviet model, as well as the negative impact of Soviet model on Eastern Europe and the resulting crisis and reform. The second part mainly describes the upheaval of Eastern Europe, which initiated the journey of Eastern Europe back to Europe, in which it analyzes the reasons why Eastern Europe has a special preference for the western model, and draws closer to the West from four aspects: politics, economy, diplomacy and thought. The third part discusses the present situation, existing problems and causes of problems in Eastern European countries since the transition. The fourth part is the focus of this paper. All the previous combing of the historical events in Eastern Europe after World War II is to get the common enlightenment of the implementation of the two development models in Eastern Europe, and to give some positive countermeasures to solve the possible problems in the future development of Eastern Europe.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D751
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 胡文魁;政治过程理论视角下波匈捷三国冷战时期社会运动比较分析[D];华中师范大学;2015年
，本文编号：2512578
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