日本渠道马克思主义术语的翻译及在中国的早期传播和影响

发布时间：2018-01-10 12:13

本文关键词：日本渠道马克思主义术语的翻译及在中国的早期传播和影响　出处：《南京师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：马克思主义在中国早期(十九世纪末至二十世纪初)传播主要渠道有日本、俄国、欧洲。日本在五四以前一直是中国传播马克思主义理论的主渠道,从日本来的马克思主义作为完全是由日本人从欧洲搬来,后被早期留日学生和有关学者介绍到中国,这里的马克思主义既有日本人根据他们的需要的“再创造”,更参杂了中国人为了政治需求而进行的“改造”,所以从日本渠道来的马克思主义并非原生态的马克思主义。马克思主义术语是马克思主义理论的浓缩,离开这些基本术语我们甚至无法进行正确的马克思主义思考。日本早期(十九世纪七十年代至二十世纪初)马克思主义者在引入包括马克思主义在内的欧洲社会主义思潮时,由于受到个人的知识、阅历、时代背景等层面的影响,避免不了带有某些个人的主观因素。因此带有浓厚的“日本色彩”,主要体现在早期日本马克思主义者在对马克思主义术语进行翻译时带有其自身的特色,例如注重意译,避免音译,吸收中国典籍和佛经等。这些特色一方面为中国早期知识分子接受马克思主义并传播马克思主义提供有利的条件,这对中国新民主主义革命产生了巨大的影响；另一方面由于这种对马克思主义术语的翻译是在日语体系下的翻译,不同于中国的汉语体系。日本马克思主义者在日语体系下对译西方马克思主义术语,常常发生意义的扩大、缩小、引申、甚至全变,对马克思主义术语的翻译轨迹脱离了原词的意义空间,对于正确的理解和运用马克思主义有着制约作用。同时这些术语被打上日本色彩也带有严重的后天缺陷性,即由于当时中国先进知识分子自身翻译水平等因素的限制对马克思主义施加了一些不科学的因素。通过对马克思主义术语的历史语境还原可以追溯出“误植”的原因,对于那些约定俗成难以更改的术语需要作出准确说明,从而加深对马克思主义术语背后文化意义的确切理解,同时对“误植”的原因的考察有助于发现马克思主义术语翻译的生成机制,防止新的“误植”从而推进当前马克思主义在中国传播。
[Abstract]:The main channels for the spread of Marxism in early China (late 19th century to early 20th century) were Japan, Russia and Europe. Before the May 4th Movement, Japan was the main channel for the dissemination of Marxist theory in China. Marxism from Japan was completely moved by the Japanese from Europe and was introduced to China by early Japanese students and scholars. Marxism here has not only the "re-creation" of the Japanese according to their needs, but also the "transformation" of the Chinese people for political needs. So Marxism from Japanese channels is not original Marxism. Marxist terminology is the concentration of Marxist theory. Without these basic terms we can't even think correctly about Marxism. Early Japanese (1870s to early 20th century). When Marxists introduced European socialist thought including Marxism. Because of the personal knowledge, experience, background and other aspects of the influence, can not avoid with some personal subjective factors, so with a strong "Japanese color." Mainly reflected in the early Japanese Marxists in the translation of Marxist terms with its own characteristics, such as pay attention to free translation, avoid transliteration. On the one hand, these characteristics provided favorable conditions for the early Chinese intellectuals to accept Marxism and spread Marxism, which had a great impact on China's new democratic revolution; On the other hand, the translation of Marxist terms is based on the Japanese system, which is different from the Chinese system. It often occurs that the meaning expands, narrows, extends and even changes completely. The track of translation of Marxist terms deviates from the meaning space of the original word. For the correct understanding and use of Marxism has a restrictive role. At the same time, these terms are marked with Japanese color also has a serious acquired defects. That is to say, some unscientific factors were imposed on Marxism due to the limitation of the translation level of the Chinese advanced intellectuals at that time. By restoring the historical context of Marxist terms, we can trace out the causes of "false planting", and make an accurate explanation of those terms that are difficult to change. So as to deepen the exact understanding of the cultural meaning behind Marxist terminology, and at the same time to investigate the causes of "false planting", it is helpful to find out the formation mechanism of the translation of Marxist terms. To prevent the new "false planting" to promote the current spread of Marxism in China.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：A811

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