《进一步，退两步》中党的组织建设思想研究

发布时间：2018-02-09 09:47

本文关键词： 列宁组织原则政党　出处：《内蒙古师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：关于列宁组织建设思想的研究，是个老话题。从过去到现在，从西方到中国，对它的评价可谓众说纷纭，莫衷一是。当前，重新研究这一思想，仍具有重要的理论和实际价值。本文从列宁的《进一步，退两步》这一小册子入手，重新探讨了这一思想的形成和发展过程，提出了自己对这一思想的基本看法，认为：列宁的组织建设思想的产生是个纯粹的“分析命题”，其实质是“民主集中制”。列宁在《进一步，退两步》这本小册子中使用了“集中制”而不是“民主集中制”的概念，特别强调了自上而下的集中领导，强调了秘密工作和职业革命家的作用，这正是针对俄国当时毫无自由和民主可言的特殊历史条件而发的。列宁的这本小册子实际上已经阐明了民主集中制原则的内容，即必须把党的代表大会作为党的最高权力机关；党必须有统一的党章；必须有统一的纪律，必须少数服从多数,任何领导人都不能享有不服从党内多数人意志的特权。从其思想来源看，，列宁的组织建设思想，既继承了马克思、恩格斯的组织思想，又批判吸收了第二国际的组织原则和俄国革命民粹派的组织思想，还借鉴了卢森堡的民主思想。列宁的组织思想的产生有其历史必然性和合理性。当然，列宁的这一思想也并非完美无缺，在对待党内派别、设计党内监督机制、民主集中制制度化建设以及领导共产国际等方面，均存在不足之处。探讨列宁的组织思想对我们合理界定民主集中制的实质、维护中央权威、发扬党内民主、坚持集体领导、加强党内监督、搞好制度化建设以及培养民主意识和民主文化方面，均具有重要的现实意义。
[Abstract]:The study of Lenin's thoughts on organizational construction is an old topic. From the past to the present, from the West to China, there are different opinions on Lenin's organizational construction. There are still important theoretical and practical values. This paper, starting with Lenin's booklet "further, two steps back", re-discusses the formation and development of this thought, and puts forward his own basic views on it. The author holds that the birth of Lenin's thought of organizational construction is a pure "analytical proposition" whose essence is "democratic centralism". Lenin used the concept of "centralism" rather than "democratic centralism" in the booklet "further, take two steps back". Emphasizing in particular the centralization of leadership from the top down and the role of secret work and professional revolutionaries, This was issued in response to the special historical conditions under which there was no freedom or democracy in Russia at that time. This pamphlet by Lenin has in fact clarified the content of the principle of democratic centralism, namely, that the Congress of the Party must be regarded as the highest organ of power of the Party; The Party must have a unified party constitution; it must have unified discipline; it must be a minority subject to the majority; no leader can enjoy the privilege of disobeying the will of the majority within the Party. It not only inherits Marx's and Engels' organizational thought, but also criticizes and absorbs the organizational principles of the second International and the Russian revolutionary populism, and draws lessons from Luxembourg's democratic thought. Lenin's organizational thought has its historical inevitability and rationality. Of course, Lenin's thought is not perfect either. The institutionalization of democratic centralism and the leadership of the Communist International have their shortcomings. This paper discusses Lenin's organizational thinking on how to rationally define the essence of democratic centralism, safeguard the authority of the central authorities, carry forward inner-party democracy, and uphold collective leadership. It is of great practical significance to strengthen inner-party supervision, to do well in institutionalization and to cultivate democratic consciousness and culture.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D261.1;A821

【相似文献】