马克思恩格斯的小农改造理论研究

发布时间：2018-02-15 20:13

本文关键词： 马克思恩格斯小农改造小农　出处：《曲阜师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国是一个农业大国，也是一个农民大国，农民是伴随着古代农业文明而产生，是一个庞大的社会群体，而小农构成农民的大多数。目前学术界对马克思恩格斯的小农改造理论研究重视不够，没有充分认识到小农改造的长期性以及艰巨性。本文期望通过对马克思恩格斯小农改造理论的系统解读，探讨其对我国解决农民问题的现实启示，，以更好地推进新农村建设。文章共分为四大部分。第一部分是马克思恩格斯关于小农的基本界定。在这一部分论述了马克思恩格斯对小农的定义、特征及其地位的相关理论阐释。第二部分系统分析和探究了马克思恩格斯小农改造理论的主要内容，是本文论述的重点。主要包括：第一，从保障无产阶级革命、向共产主义过渡、推动社会文明进步等三个层面论述了改造小农的重要意义；第二，关于小农改造的基本原则，主要有自愿互利原则、循序渐进原则和国家帮助原则；第三，关于小农改造的具体路径，主要从改造土地所有制和小农的生产方式、建立合作社等组织载体、加强政治教育等三个方面进行了论述。第三部分阐述了马克思恩格斯小农改造理论的历史地位。文中对马克思恩格斯的小农改造理论从历史贡献和历史局限两个方面进行了评析。其历史贡献主要体现在：一是马克思恩格斯农民问题理论的重要组成部分；二是列宁小农改造思想的重要来源。其历史局限体现在：一是没有充分预料到小农的生命力及其存在的长期性；二是具有强烈的政治指向性，而对小农自身的利益顾及不足。第四部分探讨了马克思恩格斯小农改造理论的现实启示，主要包括：对小农的社会地位的认识应与时俱进；深刻认识改造小农的重要性和艰巨性；国家在小农改造中责无旁贷；改造小农的关键是改造其落后的生产方式；应重视发挥农民合作组织对小农改造的作用。
[Abstract]:China is a large agricultural country and also a large peasant country. The peasants came into being along with the ancient agricultural civilization, and they are a huge social group. However, small farmers constitute the majority of farmers. At present, the academic circles pay less attention to Marx and Engels' theory of small farmers' transformation. This paper hopes that through the systematic interpretation of Marx and Engels' theory of small farmers' transformation, it will discuss its practical enlightenment to solve the problems of farmers in our country, so as to better promote the construction of new countryside. The article is divided into four parts. The first part is Marx and Engels' basic definition of smallholder farmers. In this part, the author expounds Marx and Engels' definition, characteristics and status of smallholder farmers. The second part systematically analyzes and explores the main contents of Marx and Engels' theory of small peasant transformation, which is the focus of this paper. The main contents include: first, the transition from protecting the proletarian revolution to communism, Three levels of promoting social civilization and progress are discussed on the importance of reforming small farmers. Second, the basic principles of small farmers reform mainly include the principle of voluntary mutual benefit, the principle of gradual progress and the principle of state help. Third, On the specific path of small farmers reform, mainly from the transformation of land ownership and the production mode of small farmers, the establishment of cooperatives and other organizational carrier, strengthen political education, etc. The third part expounds the historical position of Marx and Engels' theory of small farmers' transformation, and analyzes Marx and Engels' theory of small farmers' transformation from two aspects: historical contribution and historical limitation. Now: one is the important part of Marx and Engels' theory of peasant problem; The second is the important source of Lenin's thought of small farmers' reform. Its historical limitation is that it does not fully anticipate the vitality of small farmers and the long-term nature of their existence; second, it has a strong political orientation and has insufficient regard for the interests of small farmers themselves. Part 4th discusses the practical enlightenment of Marx and Engels' theory of small farmers' transformation, mainly including: the understanding of small farmers' social status should keep pace with the times, the profound understanding of the importance and difficulty of small farmers' transformation; The key to the transformation of small farmers is to transform their backward mode of production, and to give play to the role of farmers' cooperative organizations in the transformation of small farmers.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F320;A811

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