马克思主义城乡理论与新疆城乡差别研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 15:41

本文选题：新疆 + 城乡差别　；参考：《喀什师范学院》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：城乡差别是自有城乡以来人类社会发展的普遍现象，是指城市和乡村之间经济文化水平和社会经济关系等方面的不同和差异。改革开放以来，中国经济取得了举世瞩目的成就，经济、政治、文化和社会发展方面的城乡差距也逐步拉大，城乡差距过大不仅影响到国民经济快速健康发展，而且影响到社会安定和政治稳定，该问题已引起社会各界的广泛关注。城乡差距问题，通常在经济落后地区表现的更为明显。新疆地处我国西北边陲，周边与八个国家接壤，是一个多民族聚居和多种宗教并存的地区。随着新疆经济的快速发展，其城乡差别问题也越来越突出，如果任其发展，不仅会影响新疆全面建设小康社会战略目标的实施，而且势必影响整个社会长治久安的大局。目前，新疆的城乡差距问题已引起了国家政府和新疆高层的高度重视。2010年中央新疆工作座谈会提出新疆跨越式发展和长治久安的战略目标。在新疆跨越式发展背景下，研究新疆城乡差别问题对促进新疆的经济发展和社会稳定有着积极的现实指导意义。本文旨在以马克思主义城乡关系理论为指导，以国内外城乡差别的研究成果为基础，根据提出问题、分析问题和解决问题的总要求，运用历史和现实相结合、理论与实践相结合的研究方法，总结阐述新疆城乡差别的现状，分析其形成的历史原因和现实原因，并提出若干切实可行的新疆缩小城乡差别的对策和建议。主要工作可概括如下：首先，本文简述了马克思、恩格斯、列宁和斯大林有关缩小城乡差别的基本理论，，并对毛泽东、邓小平、江泽民和胡锦涛的缩小中国城乡差别思想进行了总结和概述。其次，本文从城乡收入差别、教育差别、社会保障差别和文化差别等多个方面阐述了新疆城乡差别的现状，从历史和现实角度分析了新疆城乡差别的形成原因，主要有市场经济体制的影响、城乡二元结构的影响、新疆工业化水平的影响、国家政策偏向的影响以及新疆地理条件和地域文化的影响等。最后，本文以科学发展观为指导，结合新疆的区情区貌，根据创新解决问题的基本思路，提出若干新疆缩小城乡差别的对策建议，如转变政策取向并逐步改变城乡二元结构、统筹城乡发展大力推进农村城镇化建设、增强农村发展能力从而增加农民收入，以及加快社会主义新农村建设等。虽然新疆城乡差别有其特殊原因，但仍符合城乡差别变动的一般规律，即先扩大后缩小的过程。面临着新的发展机遇和挑战，新疆城乡差别的缩小不仅是必要的而且是可行的，是一项复杂的社会系统工程，也是一种长期艰巨的历史过程，在这一过程中需要政府、城市和农村的共同努力。
[Abstract]:The difference between urban and rural areas is a common phenomenon of the development of human society since its own urban and rural areas. It refers to the differences and differences in the economic and cultural level and social economic relations between the cities and the countryside. Since the reform and opening up, the Chinese economy has achieved remarkable achievements, and the urban and rural gap in economic, political, cultural and social development has gradually widened. The large gap between rural areas not only affects the rapid and healthy development of the national economy, but also affects social stability and political stability. This problem has aroused wide attention from all walks of life.
The gap between urban and rural areas is usually more obvious in the economically backward areas. Xinjiang is located in the northwest border of China, bordering with eight countries, is a multi-ethnic settlement and a variety of religions. With the rapid economic development of Xinjiang, the problem of urban and rural differences is becoming more and more prominent, if it is developed, it will not only affect the whole of Xinjiang. The implementation of the strategic goal of building a well-off society is bound to affect the overall situation of the long-term stability of the whole society. At present, the gap between the urban and rural areas of Xinjiang has attracted the high attention of the national government and the high level of Xinjiang in the Xinjiang central Xinjiang work symposium to put forward the strategic goal of Xinjiang's leap forward development and Changzhi long an security. Under the background of the exhibition, studying the difference between urban and rural areas in Xinjiang has a positive and practical guiding significance for promoting economic development and social stability in Xinjiang.
This paper, based on the theory of Marx's urban-rural relations, is based on the research results of urban and rural differences both at home and abroad, based on the problems and the general requirements for analyzing and solving problems, using the combination of history and reality, theory and practice, summarizing the current situation of urban and rural differences in Xinjiang and analyzing the history of its formation. Historical reasons and realistic reasons, and put forward some feasible countermeasures and suggestions for narrowing the difference between urban and rural areas in Xinjiang.
First of all, this article briefly describes the basic theories of Marx, Engels, Lenin and Stalin on reducing the differences between urban and rural areas, and summarizes and summarizes the ideas of narrowing the difference between urban and rural areas in China, Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin and Hu Jintao.
Secondly, this paper expounds the current situation of urban and rural differences in Xinjiang from different aspects of urban and rural income differences, educational differences, social security differences and cultural differences. From the historical and practical perspectives, this paper analyzes the reasons for the formation of urban and rural differences in Xinjiang, mainly the influence of the market economy system, the influence of the two yuan structure of urban and rural areas, the influence of the industrialization level of Xinjiang, and the influence of the country's industrialization level. The influence of home policy bias and the influence of Xinjiang's geographical conditions and regional culture.
Finally, this paper, guided by Scientific Outlook on Development, combined with the district situation of Xinjiang, and according to the basic idea of solving the problem by innovation, puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to reduce the difference between urban and rural areas in Xinjiang, such as changing policy orientation and gradually changing the two yuan structure in urban and rural areas, coordinating urban and rural development into rural urbanization and enhancing the capacity of rural development. Increase farmers' income and speed up the building of a new socialist countryside.
Although there are special reasons for the difference between urban and rural areas in Xinjiang, it is still in line with the general law of the changes in urban and rural differences, that is, the process of enlarging and narrowing first. Facing the new development opportunities and challenges, the reduction of the urban and rural differences in Xinjiang is not only necessary but also feasible. It is a complex social system project and a long and arduous historical process, In this process, we need the joint efforts of the government, the city and the countryside.

【学位授予单位】：喀什师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：A811;F290

【参考文献】