马克思的家庭观及其当代价值

发布时间：2018-06-14 06:17

本文选题：马克思 + 家庭　；参考：《扬州大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：在批判继承前人思想的基础上,马克思通过研究人类家庭的历史演变与现实状况,完成了他本人特有的家庭观。本文从研究马克思的原著出发,梳理马克思家庭观的理论渊源、主要内容与基本特征,阐发马克思的家庭观的当代价值。文章主要内容包括三个部分：第一部分,马克思家庭观的理论渊源。分别论述了亚里士多德、黑格尔和摩尔根的家庭观的主要内容,并且分析了其对于马克思家庭观形成的影响。亚里士多德将家庭定义成一个为了满足人们日常生活所需而形成的团体,目的是为了生产和繁衍后代,具有自然性和社会性两种属性。黑格尔对家庭的理解则是两个独立的个体因为双方之间的爱而摒弃双方人格统一到集体的组合,单独建立了一个相对于已婚父母独立的家庭,但是他仍然认为,家庭的瓦解是一个必然趋势,它作为绝对精神的自我实现过程中的一个环节,并不是完成和终结。摩尔根的家庭观对马克思形成了最深的影响。他从人类发展的阶段划分、家族的形态以及家族的亲属制度和婚姻制度三个方面阐述了自己的家庭观。第二部分,论述了马克思家庭观的主要内容。包括家庭的产生、恋爱观、婚姻观和亲情观。家庭产生的先决条件在于有生命的个人的存在,它受环境因素的影响,是生产力发展到一定阶段的产物。在家庭的发展过程中,出现了原始自在的夫妻关系和伴随着私有制形成的夫妻关系所有制两种形式。家庭的未来发展是要实现男女真正意义上的平等。马克思认为爱情是同时具有自然性、社会性和精神性的存在。爱情是一种崇高的感情,是相互之间形成的,彼此爱慕是男女双方能够走向爱情的先决条件,它是专一的,是纯洁的,是恒久的。爱情走向婚姻,是一种证明。马克思认为,婚姻首先需要自由,这种自由包括结婚自由和离婚自由。其次,在婚姻中,男女双方应该是平等的。最后,在婚姻关系中,男人和女人之间是一种契约关系,他们都需要尽自己的责任和义务。而在家庭关系中,父母和子女的关系也是一种平等的关系,父母需要教育子女,同时,子女的存在也对父母的行为进行了约束。在家庭中,爱是处理所有问题的核心,只有做到有爱,有责任感,才能建立一个和谐的家庭。第三部分,详细介绍了马克思的家庭观的当代价值。其中包括,我国现代家庭的主要问题及形成原因、马克思的家庭观对解决当代中国家庭问题的理论价值以及对解决当代中国婚姻家庭问题的现实价值。我国现代家庭问题形成的主要原因在于以利益为目的的婚姻不断增加,夫妻之间的忠诚度不断降低,家庭暴力问题不断发生,成员之间的代沟不断加深。而这些问题产生的原因我们可以从经济因素、家庭结构因素、道德因素、以及社会因素几个方面对其进行分析。马克思的家庭观对于我国现代家庭建设进行了理论依据和价值导向的提供,给予了社会主义家庭形态以理论基础。同时,马克思的家庭观对于我们形成正确的婚恋观,缓解当下利益化婚姻关系的产生,有道德的婚姻关系的建立,对于解决家庭问题和确立和谐美满的家庭也有着很重要的意义。
[Abstract]:On the basis of critically inheriting the thought of predecessors, Marx completed his own family view through the study of the historical evolution and reality of the human family. From the study of the original book of Marx, this article combs the theoretical origin of Marx's family view, the main contents and basic characteristics, and elucidates the contemporary value of Marx's view of family. The main content consists of three parts: the first part, the theoretical origin of Marx's family view, discusses the main contents of Aristotle, Hagel and Morgan's family view, and analyzes the influence of Marx on the formation of Marx's family view. Aristotle defines the family as a form to meet the needs of people's daily life. In order to produce and reproduce offspring, the purpose of a group is to have two attributes of nature and society. Hagel's understanding of the family is that two independent individuals abandon the unity of the two sides to the collective because of the love between the two sides, and establish a separate family relative to the married parents, but he still believes that the family is a family. The disintegration of the court is an inevitable trend. As a part of the self realization of the absolute spirit, it is not complete and terminated. Morgan's view of family has the deepest influence on Marx. He elaborated himself from three aspects of the stages of human development, the form of the family, the family system of relatives and the marriage system. The second part discusses the main contents of Marx's family view, including the generation of family, the concept of love, the view of marriage and the view of the family. The precondition of the family is the existence of the individual, which is influenced by the environmental factors, and the product of the development of the productive forces to a certain stage. The relationship between husband and wife and the ownership of husband and wife in two forms with private ownership. The future development of the family is to realize the real equality between men and women. Marx believes that love is natural, social and spiritual. Love is a kind of lofty emotion, formed by each other, and mutual admiration is male. Women can go to the precondition of love. It is exclusive, pure and permanent. Love goes to marriage. It is a proof. Marx believes that marriage needs freedom first. This freedom includes freedom of marriage and freedom of divorce. Secondly, in marriage, both men and women should be equal. In the end, men and women in marriage relations. In the family relationship, the relationship between the parents and the children is also an equal relationship, the parents need to educate their children, and the existence of the children also constrains the behavior of the parents. In the family, love is the core of dealing with all the problems, only having love, there is love. The sense of responsibility can establish a harmonious family. In the third part, it introduces the contemporary value of Marx's view of family in detail, including the main problems and causes of the modern family in China, the theoretical value of Marx's family view on solving the problems of contemporary Chinese family and the realistic price of solving the problems of contemporary Chinese marriage and family. The main reason for the formation of modern family problems in our country lies in the increasing marriage for the purpose of interest, the declining loyalty between husband and wife, the constant occurrence of domestic violence, and the deepening of the generation gap among the members. The reasons for these problems can be derived from economic factors, family structure, moral and social factors. Marx's family view provides theoretical basis and value guidance to our country's modern family construction, and gives a theoretical basis for the socialist family form. At the same time, Marx's family outlook forms a correct concept of marriage and love and alleviated the emergence of the present relationship of interest and marriage. The establishment of German marriage relationship is also of great significance for solving family problems and establishing a harmonious and happy family.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：A811

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